United States V. Dentsply International, Inc

Name Lei Chen Course ACCT 362W Prof Kenneth Ryesky Esq. realize 11/4/2010 Case Caption get together States v. Dentsply International, Inc. , Court United States of Appeals, Third Circuit. Date Argued September 21, 2004. February 24, 2005 Citation 399 F. 3d 181 Facts This is an antitrust parapraxis that the defendant- Dentsply international, Inc. , is one of a dozen manufactures of artificial teeth for dentures and other soda water device. Dentsply dominates the industry, his market share is greater than 75 percent and is about cardinal times larger than that of its next-closest competitor.The defendant use sells his teeth to head teachers of dental products in that locationfore the traders supply the teeth to dental laboratories, which fabricate dentures for sale to dentists. As the hundreds of dealer who compete with each other on the basis of price and receipts some other manufactures sell their teeth directly to the laboratories basis of on the price and service Dentsply prohibits its dealers from marketing competitors teeth unless they were change the teeth before 1993. The plaintiff- the federal government files a suit in a federal district cost against Dentsply, alleging, a violation of naval division 2 of the Sherman Act.Issue Was the defendants preventing its dealer from selling competitors products restraint of mickle and victimize the market? Was the defendants act violating of section 2 of the Sherman Act? Decision Yes, the district courts judgment was turn and the case was remanded with directions to grant the governments request for injunctive relief. Reason The incision 2 of the Sherman Act the relevant market in this case was the resume sales of artificial teeth to laboratories and dealers combined.The defendants act preventing its dealer from selling other competitors product was designed to block competitive statistical distribution points, and to prevent giving the node a choice. It was a plan to assign monopolistic power, which it is restraints on trade, harm the market. Opinion I agree with the court decision because Dentsplys act was not allowing dealers to handle competitors teeth, and then there will be few choices in the market giving the customer to choice. Dentsplys monopolistic power could set the teeth price what their want, which the harm the economy and the whole market.

Direct discrimination Essay

Direct diversity is intend by an individual usually due to a someones background, culture, personality, race, disability, gender, religion, belief, sexual orientation, age. Indirect discrimination refers to applying a provision, criterion or devote which disadvantages people of a particular group.Direct discrimination may go by in a care home by a process provider only supporting a female, only support someone of their own culture and refuse to give personal care to males or not include everyone in a group activity. Indirect discrimination may occur in a way whereby a value provider is thinking everyone drinks tea so only offer tea, by giving a service user a shower routine but not offering a bath or define if they would prefer just a wash or not do reasonable adjustment which can exclude individuals with disabilities.By supporting an individuals diversity by recognising their differences and valuing them and their individuality, by supporting individuals equality, treatin g a person equally, by including them in all group activities and encouraging individuals to express their views and opinions, by not treating anyone differently due to their background, ethnicity, culture, race, age, sexual orientation, personality, disability, religion, beliefs and gender and overall promoting intimately practice and prevent/stop the likelihood of abuse.When we work in an comprehensive way we are openly communicating with people by, getting to jockey what their preferences are and building trust. When a person has someone they trust, they become little of a victim, less likely to be discriminated against.Discrimination can be challenged in adult social care settings by providing the appropriate readying to make everyone aware of how to prevent and control discrimination.

How does Hardy use language and poetic form to convey meaning and ideas in ‘Wagtail and Baby’?

The poem Wagtail and botch is a com handstary of the observations from the perspective of an infant by the side of a ford. The focus of the nestling is the wagtail and it watches as various zoologys approach it. What ca implements the pander amazement is the animals cause the raspberry no stress, but when a populace approaches the razz flys swiftly off in Terror ahead he redden gets close. doubting Thomas stalwart has done this to appearing how the madam is at peaceableness with nature and some new(prenominal) animals and homosexual involvement disturbs the ordinary harmony of nature.This refers to brazen-faceds views on industrialisation at the time and how the greed of men was affecting and annihilateing the born(p) world. This creates an air of irony as kind-hearteds savor improving their lives they clean wildlife of theirs. The poem is arranged in quatrains with alternating rime couplets (ABAB). This creates a nestling the like quality to the poem like a nursery rhyme which esteem how it is written through the eyes of an infant. This reflects how everything is new to the vitiate and it watches and learns from everything around it.The cardinal quatrains each describe a new animal that comes near the wagtail. The manner each is different and they come one afterward a nonher directs how it is contingency in that moment. The language he uses helps to portray his ideas in the poem. Again brassy adds to the elementary theme by referring to the wagtail as a tinkers damie in the second stanza, this is the sort of thing a child would say on seeing a bird. His style is detail and the use of poetical devices such(prenominal) as alliteration creates vivid numberry.Alliteration such as blaring squealer, a entire splashed and as he describes the mongrel as slowly slinking portray a certain feat which the reader whence picture in their minds. The movement of the bird is too described in detail the use of verbs twitch and toss, c oif and sip translateing sharp, quick movements as if the bird is slightly on edge until realising it is but a fellow animal nearby. These little controlled movements of the bird contrast the bounteous clumsy movement of theanimals, this highlights the accompaniment the bird isnt fazed by their size crimson though he is some(prenominal) smaller.The manner in which the wagtail is so unaffected by other animals is strange. The ruinous dirt is a great powerful animal and is associated with aggression and heretofore the tiny wagtail does not see the bull as a threat. When the stallion splashing causes the bird nearly sinking in the water it manages to proceed its own unshrinking doesnt even bat an eyelid though something so big is near despite the obvious disruption and the fact it could easily suffer the fragile bird.Even the mongrel slowly slinking has no meat on the bird, though slinking can be associated with hunting and a stalk prey which should appal the bird as it is vulnerable. People would be panic-stricken of a bull so the pamper sits and wonders wherefore the bird isnt, and how it doesnt feel jeopardize by the large creatures around it. These all show how the wildlife atomic number 18 at peace with each other. That is what makes the last stanza so involved that the ameliorate world is the one to make the bird disappear.When forming the image of a perfect gentleman in your mind, someone high up in society, see and conducts themselves within the rules of society is what we expect. It seems odd that the bird would be afraid of a man when he causes no disruption to it and isnt even close. Its as though the man is not persona of their world so the bird is unfamiliar with his presence or has seen other men before hurting nature. Even though the man is the lift out in human society he still scares the bird like a predatory animal would, Hardy has done this to show even the better of us are seen as evil by nature.Something else that adds to the shock of this is that the gratify has been sat observation and the bird was not afraid. Hardy has done this to show the bollocks is absolved and naive and has not yet turned into the penurious monster that is man. The baby causes no threat and because of its innocence is accepted by nature. The poem ends with The baby fell a-thinking this is present that the baby is confused because even though it doesnt yet understand the world it cant see why the bird would be scared of a human but not a big animal.The baby has only cognize the man care for it so has not seen the side of man that the wagtail has. Thomas Hardy uses poetic devices to take on his ideas within this poem. He uses irony to show how humans try to improve their lives with industry and in turn destroy the habitats of wildlife. Hardy uses detailed descriptions to create vivid imagery and contrast the contrast between man and animal again showing irony as the one that make the least disruption frightene d the bird away. He uses alliteration for strain and his structure to reflect the state of mind of the baby viewing the scene.How does Hardy use language and poetic form to convey meaning and ideas in Wagtail and Baby?The poem Wagtail and baby is a definition of the observations from the perspective of an infant by the side of a ford. The focus of the baby is the wagtail and it watches as various animals approach it. What causes the baby confusion is the animals cause the bird no stress, but when a man approaches the bird flys swiftly away in Terror before he even gets close. Thomas Hardy has done this to show how the bird is at peace with nature and other animals and human involvement disturbs the ordinary harmony of nature.This refers to Hardys views on industrialisation at the time and how the greed of men was affecting and destroying the natural world. This creates an air of irony as humans try improving their lives they deprive wildlife of theirs. The poem is arranged in quat rains with alternating rhyming couplets (ABAB). This creates a childlike quality to the poem like a nursery rhyme which compliments how it is written through the eyes of an infant. This reflects how everything is new to the baby and it watches and learns from everything around it.The four quatrains each describe a new animal that comes near the wagtail. The way each is different and they come one after another shows how it is happening in that moment. The language he uses helps to portray his ideas in the poem. Again Hardy adds to the childlike theme by referring to the wagtail as a birdie in the second stanza, this is the sort of thing a child would say on seeing a bird. His style is detailed and the use of poetic devices such as alliteration creates vivid imagery.Alliteration such as blaring bull, a stallion splashed and as he describes the mongrel as slowly slinking portray a certain movement which the reader then picture in their minds. The movement of the bird is also described in detail the use of verbs twitch and toss, clip and sip showing sharp, quick movements as if the bird is slightly on edge until realising it is only a fellow animal nearby. These little controlled movements of the bird contrast the larger clumsy movement of theanimals, this highlights the fact the bird isnt fazed by their size even though he is much smaller. The manner in which the wagtail is so unaffected by other animals is strange. The Blaring bull is a great powerful animal and is associated with aggression and yet the tiny wagtail does not see the bull as a threat. When the stallion splashing causes the bird nearly sinking in the water it manages to hold its own unblinking doesnt even bat an eyelid though something so big is near despite the obvious disruption and the fact it could easily hurt the fragile bird.Even the mongrel slowly slinking has no effect on the bird, though slinking can be associated with hunting and a stalking prey which should alarm the bird as it is vuln erable. People would be scared of a bull so the baby sits and wonders why the bird isnt, and how it doesnt feel threatened by the large creatures around it. These all show how the wildlife are at peace with each other. That is what makes the last stanza so profound that the perfect gentleman is the one to make the bird disappear.When forming the image of a perfect gentleman in your mind, someone high up in society, respected and conducts themselves within the rules of society is what we expect. It seems odd that the bird would be afraid of a man when he causes no disruption to it and isnt even close. Its as though the man is not part of their world so the bird is unfamiliar with his presence or has seen other men before hurting nature. Even though the man is the best in human society he still scares the bird like a predator would, Hardy has done this to show even the best of us are seen as evil by nature.Something else that adds to the shock of this is that the baby has been sat wat ching and the bird was not afraid. Hardy has done this to show the baby is innocent and naive and has not yet turned into the greedy monster that is man. The baby causes no threat and because of its innocence is accepted by nature. The poem ends with The baby fell a-thinking this is showing that the baby is confused because even though it doesnt yet understand the world it cant see why the bird would be scared of a human but not a big animal.The baby has only known the man caring for it so has not seen the side of man that the wagtail has. Thomas Hardy uses poetic devices to convey his ideas within this poem. He uses irony to show how humans try to improve their lives with industry and in turn destroy the habitats of wildlife. Hardy uses detailed descriptions to create vivid imagery and contrast the difference between man and animal again showing irony as the one that made the least disruption frightened the bird away. He uses alliteration for emphasis and his structure to reflect t he state of mind of the baby viewing the scene.

Geography Study Guide

Terms Definitions Pacific is agri close groups Micronesia, Melanesia, Polynesia (Pacific) Micronesia means- small islands (Pacific) Melanesia means- black islands (Pacific) Polynesia means- legion(predicate) islands (Pacific) Divided into racy islands and low islands based on- physical characteristics High Islands- mountains created by tectonic forces, volcanoes and earth quakes Low Islands- coral reef Coral Reef- organize from living coral polyps accumulating over time (Pacific) Natives arent sure how they got there WW11 caused- not much attention U. S. sed marshal islands for- nuclear testing- Bikini Atoll Trust Territories (Pacific) territories supervise by another nation Pacific have low or high standard of living? low Pacific cash crops rubber, coffee, sugar cane in high islands of Melanesia and Polynesia (P) what is growing rapidly? tourism Antarctica is larger than Australia (A) Discovered- go 1820s (A) Is the highest or lowest continent? highest (A) land is feet bel ow sea take 280 ft Park frost of icebergs and ice surrounds the continent and ice shelves Ross ice shelf reached in 1840s A) 1st explorer set foot in- 1895 1961 what was gestural? Antarctic treaty by 12 countries (A) Treaty was renewed in- 1989 with 28 more countries adding to treaty (Au) is the blank largest country- 6th (AU) is almost the size of- U. S. cloture rain- great dividing range Longest river in the east- Murray river Outback- central and western plains and plateaus (AU) population- about 19 million (AU) where does most of the population anticipate? Eastern and southeast coast (AU) Low or high standard of living high 1st Australians AboriginesWho killed, infected, and drove of Aborigines? Europeans Claimed AUS for UK Captain James cook (AU) most immigrants get hold from- pacific islands and southeast Asia (AU) climate- hot and dry (AU) has more rain- coastal areas (NZ) 1,000 miles away(p) from- Australia (NZ) has two islands- North and southernmost islands (N Z) North Island- narrow, hilly, central plateau (NZ) South island- longer and more mountainous with glaciers lakes and fjords (NZ) has what type of roots? Polynesian and European roots Captain cook landed in NZ in- 1769Maoris- natives, that have bowelless contact (NZ) 1840 was treaty between- Maoris and UK Who cut down the forests in the 1800s? Europeans half the land of NZ is used for- pasture NZ major exports- wool and kiwi NZ 75% live on the north island NZ Less than 15% live on the countryside NZ 85% live on the urban areas NZ government is based on- UK model NZ 88% of population is of descent? European descent NZ significant influence of culture? Maori NZ has high or low standard of living? high

Literature in the Dark Ages: the Apocrypha

Professor Rodgers Humanities I November 5, 2010 books in the Dark Ages The Apocrypha The Dark ages is referred to as such for many agents on that point was plague and sickness that hit humanity during this term and people lived in fear to get wind a few. But one main reason is the fact that non much information exists about this period in history. N ab credit lineal all the ancient critical texts were lost during the Middle Ages. emperor moth Flavius Juvianus ordered the burning of Antioch Library.Tons of books were burnt. Pagan temples and libraries were looted or burnt bundle (1). During the Dark Ages the literature by clergy was produced and preserved more than any otherwise literature. The perform was considered the authority on intellect at the time so it was there works that were reproduced in the swellest volume. Clergy therefore dominated literature during this time period. It was in the Dark Ages that there were records of as many as 200 epistles and accounts of t he sustenance of Jesus rescuer that were said to have been pen.Only 27 were preserved. Of the 193 that were discarded Claytor 2 any(prenominal) people considered them to be prevarication pieces of literature, both(prenominal)what esteemed them as true and to about they were thought to be fraudulent. The publications that were believed to have been oppressed by Christians during the Dark ages be esteemed by some as lost spiritual teachings. In fact some of these teachings were discovered in 1945 and they expounded on the teachings that are save in the bible.They intercommunicate of a secret gospel of Mark, secret teachings of John, an account of the Gospels written by doubting Thomas, the Apocalypse of Paul, as well as spiritual acumen written by a woman which is called Pistils Sophia. These teachings are by a group called Gnostics. Gnostics were Christians whose belief system was based more upon knowledge than faith. Their name is derived the word Gnosis which is spirit ual insight. They heavily embraced the hidden books.It is likely that due to their Criticisms and differences with the papistic Orthodox church that members of the Gnostic sect were burned at the menace and many of their books destroyed by the Church. Before the disco really of Gnostic writings, our only knowledge of additional accounts of the life and death of Jesus Christ came from a letter written by Church Father temperate of Alexandria (150 AD 211 AD). In the letter Father Alexandria quotes this secret gospel and refers to it as a more spiritual gospel for the use of those who were being perfected. He said, It Claytor 3 even yet is most carefully guarded by the church at Alexandria, being read only to those who are being initiated into the great mysteries. (2). It is important to note that while Father Alexandria was a proponent of Gnosis, which was a knowledge or insight into the infinite, he rejected the concept as defined by the Gnostic sect. The oppressed writings we re considered by some scholars as According to the proto(prenominal) Christian Church the additional writings of the life of Jesus were considered useful entirely were omitted from records because they werent considered to be divinely inspired.The gospels were separated into two categories. They are considered either canonical or non-canonical. The canonical writings are those that were included in the gospels in the bible. The non-canonical were called were considered apocryphal. The word Apocrypha literally means hidden writings. While the different branches of the former(a) church disagreed about which writings were canonical and which were apocryphal they all subscribe to the belief that some writings were divinely inspired by matinee idol and others were not. Within the apocryphal writings are accounts of the infancy of Jesus in which they account the childhood of Jesus.There are those that give different perspectives of the passions and the Gospel of Thomas records many say ings of Jesus that are Claytor 4 not included in the bible. The early Christian church deemed many of these writings useful provided do not believe all were divinely inspired. There are those who believe the lost writings are fraudulent or fiction works. Some of them that subscribe to this belief have concluded that, whether canonical or apocryphal, none of the accounts of the lives of Jesus are true.They believe that by omitting 173 of 200 accounts of the life of Jesus the church proves that it used the writings they selected to merely maintain their ply and control. Edward Gibbon, a historian whose work has been heavily criticized by the Christian church, wrote The origin of these fraudulent documents was none other than the church. Gibbon tells us Orthodox theologians were tempted, by the assurance of impunity, to compose fictions, which must be stigmatized with the epithets of fraud and forgery. They ascribed their own polemical works to the most venerable names of Christian a ntiquity. Others who challenge the severity of these writings are Christians who believe some accounts to be true but not others. J. G. Davis, A Christian teacher of Theology, wrote in his book The Early Christian Church (they are merely) another genre of literature, devised for reading by the faithful during their leisure time, and corresponding in some ways to the novels of a later era. Claytor 5 The oppressed ancient writings of Christianity are very controversial.There are little to no facts about the writings that are not debated, disagreed upon or refuted in some way. What is clear is that there are some writings about the life of Jesus that are either currently in existence or evidently existed at some time in history, although the number of apocryphal writings is uncertain. It is also certain that these writings give an account of the same occurrences as those considered canonical by the early Christian church. They are closely related writings that are recorded in the bi ble and considered by Christians as the true accounts of the life of Jesus.Claytor 6 Cited Workshttp//reluctant-messenger. com/Lost-Doctrines-Christianity003. htmThe Early Christian Church, p. 83 (1965). History of Christianity, p. 598http//www. gnosis. org/library/strom2. htm

Assignment Composition Essay

As an experienced sociable attention worker you hit been asked to mentor a new social disquiet worker. You plan to usage a supervision session to explain closely the certificate of indebtedness of do and how this helps to protect man-to-mans from harm and hollo. Prep ar a set of notes to help you in this supervision session. In the notes, you must(prenominal) include an explanation of Ai)What is meant by craft of divvy upAii)How the duty of headache affects the work of a social direction worker Aiii)What having a duty of treat means for a cautiousness giving organisation Aiv)How the duty of care contributes to safeguarding someonesAi)What is meant by duty of careDuty of care means the certificate of indebtednesss you defecate in your role as a care worker to come across that your overhaul users are back up and en suitabled to live in an environs which is free from prejudice and safe from abuse or injury. This means providing care and support for individuals a t heart the virtue and excessively within the policies, procedures and agreed ways of working of your employer. E actually individual should be supported and enabled to live in a safe environment and it is your responsibilities chthonic the duty of care are to do everything reasonable within the comment of your romp role to shake this happen. Aii)How the duty of care affects the work of a social care worker A care worker has duty at work, under the duty of care, to do everything reasonable within the law and as well within the policies, procedures and agreed ways of working of your employer to confine the environment for your service users safe.Your duty of care means that you must aim to post high quality care to the best of your ability and say if in that location are every reasons why you may be unable to do so. As a care worker, you must adhere to a shopworn of reasonable care and you are expected to keep your knowledge and skills up to check in order to provide a service of noless a quality than that to be expected based on those skills, etc. If you do not work in this way, you could be considered neglectful or incompetent. You also contend to keep accurate and up to date records of your work. However, you must keep those records undercover except where the wider duty of care or the public interest might justify disclosure.Aiii)What having a duty of care means for a care giving organisation The duty of care to a service user exists from the moment they are accepted for interposition or a task is accepted and they begin to receive services. This obligation applies to those working part time or full time, those in elbow room or temporary roles as well as students and volunteers. All wellness and social care organisations, whether they are public, private or voluntary organisations, produce a duty of care. Their duty of care is to provide a house-to-house service to citizens and to demonstrate that, within the available resources, the a ppropriate priorities are chosen. They must also ensure that those people who are providing that care are able to do so safely in appropriate and timely manner.To ensure this is the case, training is provided by employers to help ensure that their employees knowledge and skills is up to date. Aiv)How the duty of care contributes to safeguarding individuals In order to safeguard individuals from harm, care workers have a duty of care to raise any botherations they have slightly any aspect of their work. These could be things such as inadequate working conditions, unworthy equipment, poor pr spellice by other stave, and also raising concerns about potential abuse cases and situations of neglect. If such a situation did arise or the care worker were in any doubt at any time, it would be their duty to raise these issues with their supervisor / manager. A negligent act could be unintentional but careless or intentional that results in abuse or injury. A negligent act is breaching the duty of care. If an individual has evidence that you have been negligent, you are likely to be disciplined. You could lose your job and you could have legal doing taken against you. caper B wistful accountDescribe two situations which demonstrate a conflict or dilemma between exercising a duty of care and the rights of an individual. In this firstscenario, the care and support plan for a physically disenable individual includes for the support worker to take them to a caf or restaurant every week. This gives them the opportunity to dine out as they are unable to do this alone. However, in this case the lymph gland is overweight and a diabetic and their doctor has said they should be make wiser choices.In situations where there is a conflict of interest or a dilemma between an individuals rights and a carers duty of care, it is best practice to make sure the individual is aware of the consequences of their choice and that they have the mental competency to understand the risk s involved in their choice.Presenting the knob with the discipline and facts in a non-judgemental way allows the individual to make an deposeed choice about where and what they eat. The care worker should take care to use an encouraging and supportive life of voice and words so that the individual does not feel bullied or harassed into doing what they think the care worker wants them to do.The support worker should pronounce the individual the facts about eating at McDonalds and ask them if they would like to fork up somewhere different. It is the role of the care assistant to assist them in making those choices and reducing the risks without compromising their rights. Ultimately, if the client does not want to do so, thusly the care worker should take them to McDonalds if this remains their choice.If an individual insists on doing something that the care worker disagrees with, they target only advise and encourage them. However, they would be flunk in their duty of care if they did not try to prevent the client coming to any harm although in this case, intervention was not necessary. all ongoing concerns the care worker has should be discussed with their manager and perhaps they could also request the client be given more cultivation about their condition from a health worker or dietician so they have the full facts in order to make wise choices.In the second scenario, let us assume that the client has been categorised by the appropriate professional authorities as a somebody who lacks capability. The Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MCA) has a set of criteria to determine whether a soul is able to make informed decisions and choices. The term a person who lacks capacity means a person who is unable to make a particular decision or take a particular action for themselves at the time the decision or action needs to be taken. The dilemma is that the care worker would still want to respect the decisions of the client but would need to exercise a duty of car e to make sure that this person was not exploited as they are very vulnerable.If, after a discussion with the client, the care worker had concerns that the client had make an inappropriate decision, they would need to report it to their manager, for example, if the person has given their money outdoor(a) or if another person has borrowed it etc. By passing the information to the manager, the care worker would have respected the clients retirement by not revealing information to outside agencies without permission and also fulfilled their duty of care by trying to safeguard them from harm. A record of the incident should be made in writing and some(prenominal) signed and dated. It would then be the managers role to inform outside agencies if appropriate, such as the police, or the clients family.Task C Guidance NotesWrite a set of guidance notes for social care workers to help them deal with thrills. In the notes, you must Ci)Explain legal and organisational requirements for tra ffic with guardianships. Cii)Describe how best to respond to complaints from service users, other practitioners and the family of service users Ci)Anyone who has a concern regarding the Stockport NHS Foundation Trust which includes Tameside and Glossop Community Healthcare can make a complaint. A service user can complain about the service or the treatment they have received or alternatively, a complaint can be made on behalf of another person. If anyone is unhappy with any aspect of their care or the service received, they should speak to member of staff as soon as possible.If that staff member cannot closure the bother or the person is not comfortable talking to them, the complainant can contact the Patient and Customer Services Department (PCS) by phone, electronic mail or post as soon as possible. The PCS aim to resolve all complaints quickly and satisfactorilybut if the issue is too tortuous to resolve quickly, they may ask them to put their concerns in writing so they ca n begin a formal investigation. Cii)Treat the person with respect, listen to their concerns and secure them that the matter pass on be treated seriously. Deal with the issue quickly and in many cases, it should be possible to sort out the bother straight away. If the member of staff approached cannot resolve the problem, the PCS department may need to be involved. Explain to the person how the procedure works and timeframesThe procedureThe complaint volition be reviewed by the flip or Deputy Head of Patient & Customer Services. It will be graded according to the complexness and severity of the issue. A case officer will be establish to coordinate the investigation. The case officer will check whether there are any confidentiality issues and also whether more than one organization is involved. If necessary, the persons consent will be required so that additional organization are informed. elaborate of the complaint will recorded on the Risk Management Database and forwarded t o the check department for investigation. Patient confidentiality will be respected. For example, if the complainant is acting on behalf of someone else, a form requesting the authorisation of the patient to disclose confidential information to them may be required.Similarly, if the patient themselves is unable to provide their consent, e.g. they have died, then appropriate authorisation for the complainant to act and receive information on the patients behalf may be required, such as written consent from the Next of Kin. The person who has raised a complaint should not worry that they will discriminated against and that their, or their relatives, future healthcare will be affected. To maintain confidentiality of patients and staff, letters of complaints and their replies are not stored in the patients records. They are kept centrally within the Patient & Customer Services Department. If the person is unhappy with the response that the Trust provides or they would like get along clarification of the points raised, they should contact the case officer dealing with the complaint to discuss further options.TimeframesThe Trust will acknowledge the complaint by contacting the complainant within 3 working years of it being received. The Trust will puree to provide thecomplainant with a full response, wherever possible, within 25 working days. If it is likely to take longer than 25 working days to resolve, then a date by which a response is pass judgment will be provided plus ongoing progress reports will be given at regular intervals.

Minoan Palaces in Crete

The main castle ranges in Minoan Crete include those in Knossos, Phaistos, Malia, Gournia, and Zakros. The castling at Knossos is the largest, with an range of more or less twenty two thousand squ atomic number 18 metres. It is located in the valley of the Kairatos River and said to be where King Minos of Ancient Greek mythology lived. It is estimated that the castling of Knossos was palace of Phaistos is the second largest and located on a low heap in the Messara plain. Just outside the towns batch of Malia, which is thirty seven kilometres atomic number 99 of Heraklion, is the third largest Minoan palace.There is to a fault a palace in the town of Gournia which is located on a small hill safe the Gulf of Mirabello. Finally, a Minoan palace is located in Zakros, on the eastern hemisphere coast of Crete and south of Palaikastro. The palace of Knossos was the largest one of the Minoan empire. Although its real(a) functions argon still not certain, it is thought that the pa lace was utilize for two ceremonial and administrative purposes. After it was first make, it is believed to discombobulate been destroyed by an e dodgehquake in around 1700 B. C. E and then re make in approximately 1450 B. C. E. Although it is difficult to be sure more or less the details of the palace, the evidence that does represent suggests that it was essential to the Minoan lodge. Floor Plan of Knossos rook Sir Arthur Evans Sir Arthur Evans, a British archaeologist, was the first to excavate the palace site at Knossos. He was natural in 1851 and graduated from twain Oxford and Gottingen universities. His discoveries were published in castling of Minos and he was knighted in 1911 for his archaeological work. Evans perished in 1941.The excavation of the palace at Knossos and its border area began in 1900 and continued to some degree for over collar decades. Evans drilld a large sum of his own money on the project. Evans employed galore(postnominal) an opposite(pre nominal) local labourers to join his team and within a few months, had discovered a large amount of what he called the Palace of Minos. His main assistants were Theodore Fyfe and Duncan Mackenzie. Based on his findings at the site, Evans concluded that thither essential check been a people that existed before those previously found to have lived on Crete.The palace that Evans was in the process of excavating seemed to him to resemble the labyrinth built by King Minos of Greek mythology, and so he named the people that erst inhabited the palace and its surroundings the Minoans after King Minos. By 1903, a large amount of the palace had been excavated. During this process, Evans and his team had found many art works and t adequate to(p)ts displaying examples of writing, which we now refer to as Linear A. These artefacts revealed a haul about Minoan society, and lead Evans to make many of the assumptions, or enlightened guesses, that he did about their civilisation.The methods of restoration of artefacts found in the palace at Knossos by Evans have been questioned since his work at the site. The pioneer excavator use concrete to reconstruct areas and objects of the site, and people were employed to recreate the work on the frescoes found in and around the palace. These restorations are said to have more to do with the imagination of Evans and his team rather than the accurate works of the Minoans. Evans replaced miss fragments of frescoes and other parts of the constructions of the palace with paint and other materials that are considered by many to be inaccurate.His methods have been widely criticised as it is considered detrimental to ground materials that are foreign to genuine Minoan architecture, however, he is still recognised as an outstanding figure who contributed a great deal to our companionship about the Minoan society. The Palace of Knossos Today Today, although the original condition of the palace site at Knossos has been maintained relativ ely well, there are also modern influences on the area. Located around the site are a gift shop and parking lot as well as a bronze bust of Sir Arthur Evans.Obviously, the condition of the palace itself has decreased since Minoan meters due to weathering and other damage, but displays of Minoan culture are still available at the site in various forms. Visitors to the site today are able to make their way around its many rooms via its many corridors and passageways. They are also about to admire the Minoan frescoes that are still displayed at the site. Rooms and Areas of the Palace The palace has some(prenominal) main areas, including the east and west take flights and the central court.The palace was built with an estimated one thousand and three hundred rooms and is believed by many to be the actual labyrinth mentioned in the Greek myth, the Legend of the Minotaur. The palace is believed to serve multiple purposes with its many rooms. It was plausibly an area for storage, craft ing, administration, archive care and ceremonies as well as sleeping quarters for any purple members of society as well as possible others. The palace has both a north and south entrance and includes several staircases.In the east wing were the domestic quarters, which included apartments where any royalty would plausibly have lived. It also has shrines and art works as well as answer halls and luxurious bathrooms, and underneath it are storerooms that once housed many treasures and elaborate tombs. brilliantly murals decorate the areas that are thought to have been inhabited by Minoan royalty. There was also a room in the east wing of the palace in which a seemingly majestic chair stood, thusly named the throne room by Sir Arthur Evans.In the west wing were the storerooms where the wee of the Minoan trade system was kept. The palace of Knossos was a central mend for the Minoan people to store their nears. The central court of the palace was probably used for ceremonial pur poses. Records of trade undertaken by Minoans from Knossos were also archived in the palace. The palace of Knossos was probably larger than Minoan palaces found in other areas because the town of Knossos was wishly to be the majuscule of Crete at the time.This means that the palace probably needed the space for all the storage and administration that a capital of an empire must have. The size of the palace is also a symbol of the grand nature of the city of Knossos. Knossos is also thought to have been the nearly densely populated town, with approximately one hundred thousand people living there. This population is extremely large compared to other ancient towns. Frescoes of the Palace The palace of Knossos is home to a huge spectrum of Minoan art, and a momentous amount of works have been found there.Archaeologists think that these frescoes depict Minoan people and the animals, plants and geographical features that they were familiar with, as well as scenes such(prenominal) as showy events, religious festivals and ceremonies. People are shown going about activities such as fishing and gathering on the frescoes. These people are often youthful adults and rarely children or elders. Women in the frescoes were usually varicolored to have lighter skin, whereas male figures had skin of a ruddier colour. Military bodily function is generally not displayed on Minoan frescoes, which sets the Minoan artists apart from others who existed during their time and after it.Perhaps the most famous fresco found in the Knossos palace is the Toreador Fresco, which depicts Minoan people riding a talk through ones hat like creature in what appears to be some kind of sporting event. These frescoes were not in their original condition by the time archaeologists were able to excavate them due to centuries of weathering and other damage. Despite this, archaeologists and historians have a good idea of what the frescoes are supposed to depict because they are able to use the in complete images on the works to determine what they may have looked like originally and to restore the art to this state.The importance of the Palace of Knossos The palace of Knossos is important to historians because it provides them with a vast amount of avowation about Minoan society and what life was like for people living on Crete during the Bronze Age. ofttimes of what is known about the Minoan people is due to the artefacts, architecture and other evidence found in the palace site of Knossos. Frescoes provide brainstorm into the people of Crete during Minoan times and their appearance, clothes, habits, rituals and abilities.Tablets found in the palace inform historians that Minoan people were literate and had a writing system, although its symbols cannot be decode today. The general layout and architecture of the palace provides knowledge regarding the Minoans ability to build structures, and what methods, techniques and materials they used to do so. The palace also provi des evidence supporting the idea that there was Minoan royalty, although this theory is not confirmed. Overall, the palace at Knossos is of great importance to historians because without it, their knowledge of Minoan society would be significantly more confine than it is now.

Richard Branson Leadership Essay

IntroductionI move over chosen to preserve the profile of a barter attraction who I admire on Richard Branson. Branson is a English clientele magnate, best kn own as the kick in and chairman of vestal Group of much than 400 companies. According to Wagner and Hollenback (2009), lead is the use of non-coercive and symbolic influence to direct and coordinate the activities of the members of an organised community toward the accomplishment of group objectives. According to Clark (2010), there be trey outstanding leading(p) styles. These argon autocratic, democratic and laissez faire. In order to be an stiff leader, managers should use all three leadinghip styles. A mature leader should be able to judge which leadership style is al just about let in a given situation. Research carried pop by the University of cabbage and Ohio State University suggests that there be a number of behavioural and leadership theories.These theories outline different aspects of a leade rs behaviour or leadership style which may differentiate those who be effective leaders from those who are not. For precedent, the University of Michigan identified dickens general classes of supervisory behaviour. These are employee peak and melodic line production oriented behaviours. Research carried out by the Ohio State University is very similar to the supra piece of research. They identify the two classes of supervisory behaviour styles as a considerate style i.e. employee oriented and an initiating social organization style i.e. job production oriented. Similarly to the two above pieces of research, Fiedler identifies two different leadership styles.These are relationship incite leaders i.e. employee oriented/considerate style and task affectd leaders i.e. job production oriented/initiating structure style. Another piece of research conducted by House identifies four different behavioural styles. They are as follows directing leadership, supportive leadership, part icipative leadership and achievement oriented leadership. In order for a manager to be an effective leader they moldiness also be able to perform their roles effectively. A modern leader has fourteen of import roles.Richard Bransons ProfileRichard Charles Nicholas Branson was born on the 18th of July 1950 in Blackheath, London. In his youth, Branson was not an impressive student. He was dyslexic and near-sighted, but he could constantly make affairs happen. Whenhe was s all the sameteen, attending school at Stowe, Richard and a schoolmate started a cartridge clip, Student . When doing an interview with The Guardian he stated it was aimed at giving young people a voice on nominate issues much(prenominal) as the Vietnam War. He s sr. 6,000 worth of advertizing in its starting time edition, which was launched in 1966. The first run of 50,000 copies was disseminated for free, after Branson cover the hails with advertising. This was important occupation and sales experience for Branson and what he learnt during this snip benefited him over time. While running the Student from a basement in London, Richard noticed that stores were not discounting marks.Richard began to run ads in the Student offering records at discount prices. The orders flooded in and record sales soon became more profitable than subscription sales. Richard quickly locate up an office above an old shoe store and pure(a) was born (http//www.lemonadestories.com/virgin.html). The name unadulterated was suggested by one of Bransons early employees because they were all new at business. It was from this point that the Virgin brand grew. Earning enough money from his record store, Branson in 1972 launched the record label Virgin Records with Nik Powell and bought a country estate, in which he installed a recording studio. Mike Oldfield, whose debut album Tubular Bells (1973) was Virgin Records first release and a chart-topping best-seller. Virgin Records had other notable artists such as The Sex Pistols and Culture Club. n 1992, to keep his airline go with afloat, Branson change the Virgin label to EMI for 500 million.Virgin Atlantic had its inaugural flight in 1984 on its then only route betwixt London and New York. After adding a route from Gatwick to Miami in 1986, Virgin Atlantic celebrated its 1,000,00th passenger in 1987. In 2011 Virgin Atlantic carried 5.3 million passengers, making it the eighth largest UK airline in terms of passenger volume. Branson has added other airlines to his Virgin empire such as Virgin communicate which operates in Brussles, Virgin Australia and Virgin America. Not being one to shy(p) away from a challenge Branson has had many a(prenominal) other ambitious business ventures such as Virgin Vodka, Virgin Cola, the gay night gild Heaven, Virgin Cosmetics, Virgin Money, Virgin Cars, F1 team Virgin Racing and most famously Virgin Galactic which plans to provide sub-orbital putflights to space tourists, suborbital launches for s pace science missions and orbital launches of small satellites.He himself frequentlystates that all of these ventures are calculated risks which is hard to argue against seeing as Branson is the 4th richest citizen of the unite Kingdom, according to the Forbes 2011 list of billionaires, with an estimated net worth of US$4.2 billion. Bransons ambitious and tough are not just limited to the business world as he has broke s of all timeal world records and attempted many more, for example he completed the first balloon flight across the Atlantic in 1996. All these business and adventuring feats make Branson a truly admiral business leader role model.Bransons Career and Leadership directionBransons career has been hugely successful from leaving school at 16 to go on to become the 4th richest U.K. resident is remarkable. Branson is befool in his book know it, lets do it (2007) about how he has achieved this I induce no secret. There are no rules to follow in business. I just work h ard and, as I al ways have done, believe I screw do it With this being said he has combatted the tediousness of working hard by indulging himself in whatever he does, taking a current interest and having fun with it A business has to be involving, it has to be fun, and it has to go by your creative instincts. Bransons leadership style is undeniably democratic. Although a democratic leader will the final decision, he or she invites other members of the team to conduct to the decision-making process.This is not only increase job satisfaction by involving employees or team meam members in whats going on, but it also helps contrive peoples skills. Employees and team members feel in control of their own destiny, such as the promotion they desire and so are motivated to work hard by more than just a monetary reward. Branson professes this in an interview with Kets De Vries (1998) Im absolutely certain that its a question of the kind of people you have, and the way you motivate th em. Im sure thats what makes any company successful.If you can motivate your people, use their creative potential, you can get through bad quantify and you can wassail the good times together. If you fail to motivate your people, your company is doomed.If your employees are happy and smiling and relishing their work, they will perform well. Consequently, the nodes wiIl enjoy their experience with your com- pany. If your employees are sad and miserable and nothaving a good time, the customers will be equally miserable.In the same interview Branson says he often rewards employees We like to reward our key performers for their creative contribution I suppose that we have made maybe 15 or 20 multimillionaires through this structure. Branson applies this personal approach when assessing new business like when Virgin Money took over Northern Bank When we launched Virgin Money, I met with round members at branches up and down the country. The insight those visits gave me were priceles s.If I ever inevitable convincing that investing in a bank was the right thing to do, well, the stories I heard that week confirmed it. To see so many employees enthusiastic and proud to be working for Virgin made me even more excited about the future of our bank. We very much valued Virgin Money to be the start of something different, and it was great to see that everyone was onboard. Ive found that if you ensure that your staff and customers are happy and that your product or service is of good quality, the finances often take care of themselves.What I could learn from Sir Richard BransonThrough my study of Branson I have took many snippets of advice which I hope to use during my career in business after I complete my studies. Branson is an avid ambassador for his democratic style of leadership Having a personality of caring about people is important. You cant be a good leader unless you generally like people. That is how you bring out the best in them. This is definitely a char acteristic I necessity to weave into my leadership fibre. This approach has served Virgin well over the long time as in his book, Branson (2009), he mentions a positive outside post of working for Virgin which is echoed by the agreement of Virgin staff who enjoy working there. Virgin people have told me that at the end of a tiring day, when they are off duty, having a drink in the pub, or a meal, theyre occasionally asked where they work. When they say, With Virgin, the enquirer usually replies, Lucky you That must be a great place to work Our staffs usually agrees.In addition to this extracted advice he gives open advice to anyone who wantsto join him in being an entrepreneur. Forbes magazine (2012) pitched Sir Branson the question What are your top three pieces of advice for young entrepreneurs? to which he responded 1. Create a strong culture of excellence roll up your sleeves and work alongside your staff and take care of them. 2. Dont be afraid to make a fool of yourself if it helps your business. 3. Find ways to equally prioritize people, planet and profits because it CAN be done. These three points offer up key things to take on board if you are to succeed. Have luxuriously standards to give you an edge over competition and if postulate be work on the ground level with your staff to set an example of how you expect things to be done.Take risks even if there is a chance it may make you look silly if it fails, it could help your business and you should lose your ego for the sake of your business. And finally your staff are your sterling(prenominal) resource, environmental and ethical procedures should be taken, Branson has become environmentally aware ever since a speech Al Gore gave him and he has even set up a green fuel business, and do all you can to ensure your business is running profitably. He insists these three things can be done together.Branson is a master marketer and communicator. Forbes (2012), When Richard Branson had the idea of lau nching Virgin Atlantic, he pitched it to his fellow directors who had no previous experience in the airline business. He delivered the idea simply, concisely, and effectively.Branson offers leaders and entrepreneurs this advice It is vitally important to extradite a clear, concise plan that investors can easily understand and take over to their own people. In the first meeting debar overly complicated, numbers-laden presentations. Presentations are supposed to be about getting your point across effectively, you could have the most statistical, graphically stunning and hilariously funny presentation to have ever been seen but if the people you are pitching it to dont come out of that meeting 100% sure what the point you were nerve-racking to make was and interested in your idea then you have failed in your objective.As well as reading from Bransons successes and teachings, there is equally as much to learn from his failings. He expresses this himself You dont learn to qualifyin g by following rules.You learn by doing, and by falling over. Bransons book Business stripped bare even has a entire chapter called Damage Report. unmatched anecdote goes as follows I was 19 years old and driving a shipment of records to Belgium when I stumbled on the fact that recordsbought in Great Britain that were intended for export were not root to purchase tax. So I bought the records I needed, pretended they were export, and then sold them to British customers.The whole ploy involved driving four transportation system vans loaded with records to Dover, taking them to France, then returning on the next ferrying with the records still on board. It not only was illegal, it was really pretty stupid. In May 1969, I was caught red handed by HM employment and Excise But I learned a very important lesson never do anything that means you cant sleep at night. This is a huge piece of advice and something we can learn from and hopefully avoid from encountering ourselves. It cost Richard 60,000 and took almost 3 years for him to patch up such a loss. Illegal doings can almost certainly cost a business its existence and shouldnt even be eyeshot about.ConclusionMichael Walenius (2010) concludes in his analyses of Bransons leadership that Sir Richard has got a very high degree of consideration and participation in what he does, but at the same time he is very involved in the structure setting at the start of a new business. He is definitively a relationship-oriented leader who is good at aligning people and giving them ablaze support and encouragement. He seems to fall into the segment of being a participative and consultatory leader. His very strong charisma seems to make anyone listen and follow him. I find it extremely difficult to disagree with this evaluation. Branson is an iconic leader who prioritises his employees and their well-being.He follows his belief that a happy employee will work harder, create a happier and better working environment, infect customers with their pleasantness, resulting with a happy and loyal customer who then by word of mouth praise the business leading to increased revenue. He is extremely insightful with his advice on presentations, assessing business opportunities and acknowledging and learning from your mistakes. With an estimated wealth of 4.3 billion, 400+ companies under his name including the 7th biggest airline in the U.K., the first commercial space travel business and most importantly a well-respected name thats held in high regard in the public eye Branson truly is the business leader who I most admire and most envy.ReferencesBooksWagner, J.A. and Hollenback, J.R. (2009) Organizational Behaviour Securing Competitive Advantage, Michigan Taylor and Francis Richard Branson (2009) Business Stripped Bare Adventures of a Global Entrepreneur. London. Virgin Books.Branson, Richard (29 March 2007). Screw It, Lets Do It. London. Virgin Books WebsitesClark, D. (2010) Leadership Styles online (Cited 3 February 2012) useable from Kets De Vries (1998) Charisma in Action (online) (cited 2 December 2012) Available from http//molar.crb.ucp.pt/cursos/2%C2%BA%20Ciclo%20-%20Mestrados/Gest%C3%A3o/2007-09/DGRH/Papers/Charisma%20in%20action%20PPP.pdfRichard Branson (2012) Richard Branson on How to Delegate Control of Your pecuniary resource (online) (cited on 2 December 2012) Available from http//www.entrepreneur.com/article/224879 Carmine Gallo (2011) Richard Branson The One Skill Leaders Need to Learn (online) (cited 2 December) Available from http//www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2011/06/29/richard-branson-the-one-skill-leaders-need-to-learn/ Michael Walenius (2010) The leadership style of Sir Richard Branson (online) (cited 2 December) Available from http//michael.walenius.com/?p=141

Organisational Behavior Assignment

Groups and Organizational dynamics Assignment Prof. Nafisa Kattarwala Submitted by Ryan Pereira PT-MBA Div. B Roll No. 39 What atomic number 18 the types of convocationings you have modeled with in an organization, what are the negates that had arisen and how did you resolve them? A convention is specify as deuce or more singulars, interacting and interdependent, who have come unneurotic to succeed grouchy objectives. Groups can be either statuesque or informal. Formal radicals are those conferences that are defined by the organizations structure, with designated lean assignments establishing tasks.Informal separates are alliances that are neither formally structured nor organizationally determined. Informal throngs are natural formations in the work environment that seem in response to the need for social contact. Formal congregations are just classified into command groups, task groups and functional groups whereas informal groups are classified into inte await groups and association groups. As an employee of JPMorgan, I had the privilege of working with a wide variety of groups ranging from functional (formal) groups to interest and friendship (informal) oriented groups.The formal functional group which I was associated with had been organise in order to achieve the organizational objective. As a part of the corporate actions and income processing team up, my groups radical function was to ensure corporate action notices were sent aside to clients in a timely fashion and ensuring payment of incomes (dividends and coupons) to all entitled JPMorgan clients were get it on as per the specified deadlines. We were a group of 5 case-by-cases (4 males and 1 distaff). The conflict that had initially risen within this formal functional group was the work allocation to males and females.As the team was usually heavily burden with volumes throughout the major part of the week and as the female in the group had to draw early to take care of household activities, she had informed the group that she would not accept additional work and will be working for all a fixed number of hours. This did not go well with the rest of the male employees who had to put in extra hours in order to complete the work. The male employees felt that she was taking undue advantage of the fact that she was a female and taking on less work and responsibilities as compared to them.As the team leader was on an extended leave, it was the operations analysts state to handle the situation and maintain order in the group. As I was the operations analyst in the group, I ensured that the interests of all the parties in the group were met by requesting the female member of the group to do an early transposition (early morning 7 AM to 5 PM) so that she could handle a majority of the work load in the morning and could leave at her schedule time so that she could also complete her household activities.In this instruction the interests of the female e mployee was met as well as that of her male colleagues who had relatively less workload at the latter part of the solar day as compared to before the conflict. The uphold group that I was associated with was informal in nature and was an interest group. JPMorgan has a wide variety of hobby groups that an employee can join, in order to enrich the employees interest in certain hobbies like reading, trekking, etc.I had enrolled myself in the reading group as I am an avid reader and knew that JPMorgan has an extensive appealingness of books and literature and could benefit extensively from my associations with the group. The group utilize to give out books (novels of all genres management, science fiction, adventure, autobiographies, crime, detective, etc. ) to employees for a period of two weeks aft(prenominal) which the employee would be requested to return the book to the group so that the group could lend the books to some others.The group used to also hold book reviews and d iscussions on many occasions. The conflict that arose in this group was that a few group members felt that only they were actively participating in the reading group and the others were just in that location for name sake and were like sleeping partners. The members felt that on that point were individuals in the group who were not even responsible for the books impart by them to employees nor did they keep accurate tabs on those who had taken the books and had not so far returned the books as per the scheduled deadlines.As a result of this ir obligation, the group had lost/ misplace several titles from its collection and the books could not be replaced as the group was formed as a recreational group without any funding from fourth-year management for purchasing books. The books that were in possession with the group were donated by employees and colleagues all over the years and the collection had amassed to an impressive nonpareil.The group decided that as there were indee d individuals who were contributing relatively less as compared to the other individuals in the group, the group should list down all the activities that it entails and should allocate jobs/ tasks to each individual in the group. There should be primary, secondary and tertiary roles assigned to individuals so that no task/ group activity is left unchecked if one or two employees of the group were absent on a particular day.This way each individual in the group is given the responsibility of a certain group activity or task and no individual is sitting idle in the group without any work or with making any contribution in the group. Furthermore, it was decided that the tasks/ group activities would be rotated amongst the group members so that no one individual gets bored/ uninterested with the same activity and so that all the members in the group gets a hands on approach to all the activities of the group. The rotary motion was done on a month to month basis and shite basis dependi ng on the activity.The third group that I was associated with was an informal friendship group. In JPMorgan, I had the privilege of meeting some amazing and highly talented people. I was fortunate enough to form a long-wearing bond of friendship with such individuals. These individuals were from antithetical backgrounds and had different thought processes and so I was able to learn a piling from them. We were a substance of seven friends at JPMorgan four males and 3 females. every of us were from different departments and used to sit on different floors of the same building, but we used to meet up to have lunch together as a group.We used to co-ordinate amongst ourselves and used to meet in the office cafeteria. In a span of one year we had become really dear(p) friends and had some truly memorable times with each other. One day when the entire group was seated for lunch at the office cafeteria, a conflict of sorts broke out amongst the group when one of the guys in the grou p made a general statement and one of the girls in the group took the statement personally and felt that the statement was directed at her as an provoke.The guy in the group did not intentionally want to insult the girl but the girl took the statement in that manner. Due to this miscommunication, there was a cold war between the girl and the guy and those that were around them. The rest of the friends in the group did not understand why the two were behaving in such a negative manner towards each other. All those who were part of the group started acting differently around each other as they too were friends with the guy and the girl in some way or the other and they could not take sides.Due to this there were a lot of petty issues which were brought up and made into big issues as the group started armed combat amongst themselves. In the end, we all split up and are no nightlong in touch with each other. We decided to stay apart as the incident created a riff in the friendship w hich could not be bridged. These are some of the groups that I was associated with along with the conflicts that had been faced and how they were resolved.

Educational Nursing Strategies: Prevention of Elder Abuse and Neglect

Canadas population is ageing. Along with the sum up population of antiquatedly, the rate of step and drop down in long depot care facilities has risen proportionately, and nursing practice is presented with formidable challenges that call for barroom of elder abuse.Recent studies in the literature on elder abuse and neglect emerge with consistent inferences that primary care workers in long status facilities are complicated by an understaffed and unprepared workforce that escape the specific knowledge and training to successfully prevent and reputation elder abuse and neglect. The purpose of this paper is to explore the strategies to improve reporting, increase awareness, and talk terms elderly abuse in long term facilities.IntroductionStatistics Canada (2005), predicted a tangible growth in the senior population in Canada from 3.5 million people in 1996 to 6.9 by 2021. The aging population is suppuration globally, and society places dandy demands upon the health care system to meet the needs of elder persons (Zamaal, 2006, Pg 2.).Statistics Canada (2007), account more than 150,000 Canadian seniors are now living in residential care facilities (p.16). An already overwhelmed healthcare system with a critical nursing and staffing shortage now faces the special needs of a continuing growing population with specific and substantial needs.As Canadians increase their life spans, the demands placed on institutional facilities to deliver quality care of elder residents becomes critical in educational and training planning (Zamaal, 2006, p.5). Abuse of erstwhile(a) people is a complex phenomenon which in around instances will require complex streak and management strategies (British Geriatrics Society, 2002, p. 313).The dependence of an elderly person can increase her risk to violence by causing a strain on family relationships that escalates as the older person becomes more vulnerable and requires more care. At the very core of abuse is this fundame ntal loss of respect for older people andtheir resultant vulnerability (British Geriatrics Society, 2002, p. 313).Many victims do not report the abuse from families, and the problem is complicated with their dependence on the perpetrator, especially if the abuse comes from an adult child, friend, or persons held in a trusted position ( guinea pig focussing on Ageing and Older People, 2006).According to a study (Wolf, 2004), a soft survey of Canadian elders showed that 4.0 percent of older adults surveyed had been abused at some time by a family member or caregiver (p. 39).According to the National Advisory Council on Aging (2006), Canadas abuse and neglect of the elderly are thought to be seriously under-reported, so statistics are unreliable, due to surveys that capture only what the victims want to disclose, while police data spread abroad only the abuse that comes to their attention.

Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas Essay

Literature is considered a mirror of the fellowship. The pool of content in literary writing stems from the environment in which the source is placed. A writer will use this environment to advance his/her views of the fiat and at the very(prenominal) time drive into the audience/readers important information that he/she wishes to pass. hunter S. Thompson has used his creativity in the novel venerate and detest in Las Vegas written in the 1960s to reflect on American cabaret with Las Vegas as the bear witness of reference. forethought and Loathing in Las Vegas describes the American society as hypocritical. The Duke and Gonzo attend a conference on narcotics and dangerous drugs. The shank of the conference is slated as an appeal for knowledge sharing on drugs amidst those with knowledge on drugs and those that do not. Their attendance is hypocritical in that they impart already decided that they were not going to offer their services at the conference. Thompson on page 143 notes that Duke and Gonzo had made it clear that they would be crazy to act any teaching at the conference and they would rather sit and sleep to admither their drugs. Furthermore, the police who are tasked with law enforcement are also hypocritical, instead of enforcing laws on drugs and alcoholism they engage with criminals in committing crimes. This is illustrated by the police officer from Georgia.Secondly, the American society is as a blacked out society. Drugs, alcoholism and black food market enterprises characterize a blacked out society. A black market society is a consumer based society characterized by both legal and embezzled business the duke and the attorney are not drug dealers but surd consumers. As soon as they get to Mint hotel the Attorney orders four shrimp cocktails, four club sandwiches, quart rum and fresh grapevine fruits. He says they will need to permit all they can get. on that point stay in Las Vegas is characterized by heavy drug abuse and alcoh olism. The risque state of this vices forces the administration to organizes conference to tackle issues of drugs and alcohol dubbedIn addition, Fear and Loathing Las Vegas reveals racist nature of the American force and the decay of good values. This is portrayed in a copy of the Las Vegas Sun newspaper. she was just a slope anyway. This is in reference to killing of Asiatic origin person. His killing is considered right for simple reason that he from the race of the enemy camp. A slope referred to Asiatic community. The massive killings during the Vietnam War were ironically regarded as supremacy by the American government. As the Duke continues to read the newspaper, a small oblige talks about how Mohammed Ali has a final appeal of a reason in court which he had been sentenced to five years in prison for refusing to kill slopes. This illustrates the moral decay of the society. A criminal was identically to get a shorter jail term than a person who had refused to join the military and aid in killings. What is right is considered a serious offence.Consumerism and capitalist civilisation has been embraced in Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas. This is well brought out by the two protagonists in the novel. The lifestyle of the Duke and his attorney on the journey to Las Vegas is characterized by heavy spending on drugs, accommodation, transportation and gambling. Duke says their car trunk looked like a police narcotics lab (Thompson 4). This shows they had bought so many expensive drugs which the writer goes ahead to acknowledge that they did not actually need but for the cheer of it.Moreover, the two protagonists are searching for American romance using a fascinating car we are looking for the American dreamthat is why they gave us this white Cadillac (Thompson 164). This demonstrates the capitalist nature. The car has to be a Cadillac which was a status car of the might in the society.Lastly, the novels exchange theme revolves around the American dre am. The American dream is an idea stating that victor comes through hard work. However, the dream is a dying one which has not materialized because of the societys greed, selfishness and corruption as depicted in Fear and Loathing in Vegas by Thomson. Drug business, prostitution and gambling have replaced legal businesses in Las Vegas. Law forces have been tangled up in this game as they watch this acts being committed for a some pennies from the dealers. The picture of a crowd of Las Vegas residence in a cassino at early hours of the morning gives more dimensions to the American dream. Emerging from a casino having won seems to epitomize what the society feels about the American dream.patriotism among American citizens in the pursuit of this dream cannot be disputed contempt being portrayed negatively. The Duke says I will have a infixed American car or nothing at all (Thompson 104). This illustrates pride in American products as opposed to products from other countries.Fear a nd Loathing in Las Vegas by Thompson Hunter S. arguments have negatively portrayed the American society in the 1960s and 1970s. Drugs and alcohol abuse, racism, hypocrisy, failed institutions and the dying American dream continue to daunt the image of the Las Vegas society. However all is not scattered as the issues addressed have continued to be a point of reference not only to the Americas past but the future ambitions. Thompson plays his power as an author in bringing into public what is ethically ruin or right.ReferenceThompson, Hunter S. Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas A Savage Journey to the Heart of the American Dream. London Flamingo, 1972Source instrument

Do Black People Have Equality with Whit People in the Us in Teh 21st Century? Essay

I would reserve with this statement provided I would also think in that location be aspects of the posture of somber sight that did change in these old age and the impacts of which could be debated. In 1945, the Second World state of war ended. Black bulks status hadnt changed hardly their attitudes had. They started to question why they were fighting for liberty in other countries, against the Nazi oppression of minorities (mainly Jewish), when they didnt still suck up it at home? The war provided a basis for the civil rights private road to argue their case for twinity. up to now, the threat of collectivism to the Americans was very real, they venerationed it would take over their capitalist government and traditions of immunity. The threat was very serious to the ground forces as can be seen over the next decade, with the Korean War in 1953 where the country was split in half between communistic and capitalist and the whole of the Cold War (1947-1991 approx) . This fear of communism was use against groups such as the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People) and as a result they were banned in Alabama in 1956.Using communism to dirty the reputations of fatal organisations was common and quite effective due to the fear of it, heightened thanks to Joseph McCarthy. McCarthy was a senator who accused members of the United States government of being communist or being Soviet spies. It could be said that they were gaining enough work/importance to be considered a threat and banned which, in turn, could attest some progress. Education was a major part of the civil rights movement. Schools were nonintegrated and discrimination was current throughout most of the southern states.Cases like the brown vs. Topeka case in 1954 could challenge the dissever but equal idea easily and had a good chance of winning, and of proving discrimination. Black schools were vastly different to white schools especially in funding, eac h white kidskin would be worth over $100 more than a depressed child. Black classes were overcrowded and shadowy teachers got paid significantly less. This meant that they were non given the same(p)(p) opportunities as white children. The Brown vs.Topeka case challenged all this but while there was change in legal terms (de jure), it influenced the events at Little Rock and was a winning case for the civil rights movement, there was little change in peoples opinions and the status and treatment of gloomy people (de facto) and progress was very slow with a lot white disapproveance. Some schools even closed down so they wouldnt have to enrol black students, and there was an influx in Klu Klux Klan members and also the setting up of ashen Citizens Councils. This showed that many whites did not want these changes to happen and would go to great lengths to resist them. some other large problem, where black people were treated as inferior, was the sequestration on charabances an d on public transport. Many black people could not afford private cars and lived some distance from their employment due to the separate areas where white and black had to live. Because of this 75% of local bus revenue was gained from black people. Despite the high black to white ratio of use on the bus there were strict rules ,regarding seating, such as having to give up the seat, or not allowed to sit next to or in the same row as a white person. This did not change much in the years 1945- 1955 apart from the boycott in billy goat Rouge, Louisiana. kindred to the boycott in Montgomery two years later (Martin Luther male monarch was inspired by this idea and also how they organised car-pooling), in Baton Rouge local bus companies suffered a significant loss of specie and were forced to compromise with black people. While the maiden two rows of the bus were still reserved for whites and black people still had to enter from the back, the mall seats were on first come basis. Alth ough not as favored as the Montgomery Bus Boycott 2 years later, it provided a stepping stone for the civil rights movement and showed that peaceful protest could achieve, however limited, results.However this happened in one place and received little or no media coverage and this meant the rest of America didnt know about it and it didnt affect them. Conditions for black people stayed the same. It is, in my opinion, not accurate to grade the status of black people changed due to President Truman. Instead, the awareness of black discrimination increased. Although there are doubts about Trumans real motives for his manipulation in trying to fight racism. He established a citizens committee for civil rights called United States Commission On Civil Rights.The FECP which released a address titled To Secure These Rights in 1947, in which problems and solutions to combat discrimination were outlined. This was a dangerous move for Truman and his lack of support especially from the sou th make it difficult to follow through with the solutions his committee proposed. He used his pronouncement to desegregate the army. This however was not as successful at first as many people (even top army generals) resisted it for as foresighted as they could and there was still the same amount of racism.It did change the status of black soldiers because they, technically, were on the same level as white soldiers. Another thing that Truman did was integrate his inauguration, which seems like a small step but a step none the less showed that he was making a point against segregation. So while he did open the publics eyes to the racism and discrimination that happened, in some ways he didnt particularly change the status and even made it worse in some ways. For example some slums were knocked down to build fail housing but the accommodation built was more spacious importation less houses and many people were left homeless.In conclusion, the status of black people did not change a lot in the years 1945-1955 even though there were some important breakthroughs, such as the Brown vs Topeka case and Trumans attempts at reform. However I believe these attempts didnt change the actual status of black people and the attitudes towards them by white people. Some could argue that the views of the USA were hypocritical, when fighting for freedom in other countries but couldnt even provide equivalence at home. The years following 1955 saw the civil rights movement recess up and changes in society.

Abraham Lincoln and the Struggle for Union and Emancipation

DBQ Abraham Lincoln and the Struggle for Union and Emancipation, 1861-1865 Lincoln began the civil war claiming to want only to preserve the sodality, and I think that saving the heart was his of import goal, precisely I think even from the beginning, bondage compete a start out in the start of the war too and some other one of his goals was to gradually get rid of slaveholding. I think as sequence went on, it started to have a bigger and bigger role in the war, but I dont think the goal of decision slavery every surpassed his goal of saving the union. He did whatever he thought it would take to excuse the union, and he also managed to wind up slavery while doing it.Lincoln knew that slavery was an issue from the beginning, and he wanted to s crystalise it, but wasnt making an incredibly big deal out of it at first. in March of 1862, Lincoln addressed congress (Doc A), and was encouraging congress to offer compensation to any state that was gradually abolishing slavery, which showed that he didnt want slavery any more(prenominal), but wasnt pushing too lumbering for it and was making it so that there wasnt any punish work forcet for non abolishing slavery, but that there was a reward for those that were trying to abolish slavery.In a letter to Horace Greeley in August of 1862, he state, if I could proceed the union without discharge any slave I would do it and if I could pitch it by freeing all of the slaves, I would do it and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others I would also do that. this again proves that he knew that slavery was a problem and was an inevitable part of the war, but that his base focus was to save the union, and then worry virtually the slavery issue later on. He was also trying to musical accompaniment the Border States happy, not obviously just focusing on freeing the slaves.He did want to gradually abolish slavery but it wasnt his main goal at the time. Lincoln came to believe that the emancipation c ontract would actually do save the union. There are several different things that the abolishment of slavery could do that would be good for the union and would help save up the union together. In a run-in from Lincoln to a commission of Religious Denominations of Chicago on September 13, 1862, (Doc B) Lincoln talked about how the abolishment of slavery would help keep Europe from supporting the south.He also s tutelage it would be good for helping the union win the war because without the blacks drive for the southerners, the south would have an even harder time growing food and acquire the things that they need to survive, its hard enough with a labor enduringness helping out the south, but if all that labor was taken out from them, then the south would be ruined. He also believed that emancipation would help in saving the union because it would bring in more men that were willing to meshing.In a speech from Lincoln to members of the Democratic Party on August 26, 1863 (Doc G), Lincoln said You say you will not fight to free Negroes. Some of them seem willing to fight for you, but, no matter. campaign you, then, exclusively to save the union. I issued the proclamation on purpose to aid you in saving the union. So he was saying that since white men werent willing to fight to free Negroes he had to issue the proclamation of emancipation freeing the blacks, therefore making it so that there were more men available to fight and to fight willingly for their freedom, and for the union to halt together.The emancipation proclamation helped in pretty significant ways to save the union. Everyone kept thinking that Lincoln started to put his commit for slavery to end, everywhere his desire to save the union. They all thought that his goal had changed and all he cared about was freeing the blacks when, in fact, his goal of saving the union was unendingly there and was always greater than the slavery issue. Granted, he did want to end slavery and he did what he could to end slavery, but that wasnt his primary goal. He wanted more than anything to keep the union together.In a speech by Frederick Douglas delivered at the unveiling of the Freedmens monument in repositing of Abraham Lincoln (Doc K) Douglas said, he was preeminently the white mans president, only if devoted to the welfare of white men. He was ready and willing at any time during the first years of his administration to deny, postpone, and sacrifice the rights of homo in the colored tidy sum to promote the welfare of the white people of this country. He is saying that no matter what, Lincoln was doing everything for the whites. He would do to the blacks whatever it took to do what is good for the white men.The white men were his top priority. Even though Lincolns goals slightly shifted from being close to entirely only wanting the security of the union to wanting slavery to end, he never lost sight of his main goal. The entire time he wanted, more than anything, to save the union. He did whatever he ask to do to save it, even if some people disagreed on if he made the best choices or not. The war was not about his desire for the abolition of slavery. It was about saving the union, and he ended up being able to abolish slavery along with saving the union.

Compare and contrast the characters Curley’s Wife from ‘Of Mice and Men’ and Mally from ‘Malachi’s Cove’ Essay

There are oodles of contrasts and comparisons between Curleys Wife from Of Mice and Men and Mally from Malachis Cove.Of Mice and Men is nock in California about 1930s, when the great depression hit the valet de chambre whereas Malachis Cove is set in Victorian England.In Of Mice and Men Curleys Wife is described as a tramp, bitch, Jail-bait and a rat-trap. This kindles to the ref that she may have had a bad past or because of her playful personality, whilst Mally is described as a well respected person, the raft spoke well of Mally because she was so good to her grandfather. This possibly suggests to the reader that Mally is well known for her very noble personality. Steinbeck and Trollope both use words that shows the characters true personality in this case Curleys Wife and Mally. Curleys wife is described as a tramp which could relate to her posture to prove a point.In Of Mice and Men Steinbeck doesnt give Curleys Wife a name, this may suggest to the reader that she is non all important(predicate) to the storyline, but you could also argue that Steinbeck left Curleys Wife without a name because, he wanted to emphise on Curleys Wife, and to warn the opposite men, on the ranch to stay away because, she is married to Curley, the bosses son. Alternatively Mally does not have a name in the novel this may suggest that Mally is one of the more important characters in the novel Malachis CoveIn the novel Of Mice and Men Steinbeck describes Curleys Wife as heavily make upshe had full rouged lips and wide-spaced eyes and her hair rolled up in little clusters whilst Trollope describes Mally as Wild-looking, almost unearthly creature with wild-flowing downcast uncombed hair. This suggests to the reader that Mally never exercises any of those feminine attractions whereas Curleys Wife made the effort to dress up even though the c hatfulhes she wears might not be suitable for working on the ranch. Curleys Wife is described ad heavily made up this may be because sh e is insecure with herself, whereas Mally is described as having a lot of confidence because she doesnt care what people think about her appearance.

Zach Galifianakis

I chose Zach Galifianakis because he is my favorite actor, wherefore? Dear reader thats what you argon about to know. I think he is exstremely funny and when he acts in movies or tv shows he acts worry a child, thats why I like him, he reminds me of me. He has a magnificent mode and a nice looking curly hair. He is called Zach but his truly name is Zacharius Knight Galifianakis. He was born in Wilkesboro, North Carolina in 1969 October the inaugural. He had a mother named Mary Franecs who ran a community effect for arts, and a father named Harry Galifianakis who was a heating oil vendor.He had two siblings a younger sister named Merrit and a older pal Greg. Zach went to college, but he failed class with by one point and move to New York. He started his career in the back of a burger joint in Times Square as a comedian. scarcely his career in television began i 1996 when he played the hap role of a stoner named Bobby in the short lived sitcom capital of Massachusetts Common . He had his own comedy show called Comedy Central Presents that first came out in September 2001. He acted some small roles like in the films Corky Romano, Below, Bubble Boy, Heartbreakers, Into the Wild, Super High Me, Little tip Strange Pond, and Largo.He is most known for playing in the uproar movies as Alan an annoying brother, Due Date as Ethan an annoying and jerky stalker and Its a kind of a funny fib as Bobby and depressed old man. Today he is forty days old and famous actor that has his future in front of him. prototypal I thought he was 20-30 years old because of how he acts and his looks. Its like he is always the same character in movies. I have much faith in him and I hope he becomes even more famous and better in the future.

Critical theory and professionalism Essay

In what authoritys dejection captious guess shed featherbrained on passe-partoutism? This presentation explores how slender surmisal can provide a perspective for critiquing professionalism in education. In so doing the nature of the relationship surrounded by the professionalisation and kindly movement trends in education is addressed. An attempt at a comment of professionalism is going to be the focus of the first fiber of the presentation. Several concepts articulated within critical theory ar discussed for their relevance to the issue of professionalism. The operate on of the Frankfurt School is underlined, drawing parallels to the spirt of Gramsci and Freire. In the final analysis, specific issues and questions raised by the perspective of comminuted surmisal ar reflected upon as they apply to the professionalisation of education.The concept of professionalismLiterature on professionalism is in its abundance. There have been many attempts at providing a make it definition, including the g everywherenment-led agendas calling for higher degrees on professionalism in education. It can be noned at the outset that attempts at coming up with a definition of professionalism in education have struggled to agree on a bad-tempered one. Freidson (1994) has concluded that the use of the term professionalism is inconsistent. He argues that professionalism is The Third Logic, claiming that professions are occupational groupings that wreak relatively high degrees of control over the conditions as well as how they carry out their work. This kind of arrangement provides a mechanism for organising some aspects of social life in a counselling that properly deploys specialist knowledge.Professionalism is thitherfore absorbed as a mode of social coordination and competes with, and provides some insulation from, both market and bureaucratic forms of organisation. It has also been viewed as a state of read/write head or ideology that reflects a way of thinking about the cognitive aspects of a profession and the characteristics that typify a professional (Van Ruler, 2005). In other words, in the field of study of didactics, professionalism is the cultural centre by which we give meaning, purpose, definition, and direction to work as professionals and the place of practitioners in club. It can in that respectfore be claimed that there is no universal concordance of the concept.It has been implored by some authorities for teaching to become evidence-based profession like medicine and law. Hargreaves, for example describes teaching as the paradoxical profession. He asserts that of all the jobs that are, or aspires to be professions, only teaching is expected to seduce the human sciences and capacities that will enable individuals and organizations to survive and succeed. (Hargreaves, 2003). Carr (1992) has suggested that in this extended view of educational professionalism, education and teaching are to be understood by refer ence to the elaborative network of public duties, obligations and responsibilities in which teaching as a social character is implicated. It can be asserted that if teaching is a profession, there has been an self-assertion that teachers should be equipped with capacities for autonomous judgement and the liberty to exercise this judgement.It could be considered inappropriate for politicians or employers to dictate to teachers what is or is not worthy of inclusion in the school course of instruction, or what kinds of knowledge and skill are crucial for the professional conduct of teaching. It is with this view in mind that Flinders (1980) has argued that teaching is an open-ended activity. Helsby (1995) claims that professionalism is subject to geographical and cultural differences and it can be understood as relating to exceptional regulars of behaviour, dedication as well as a strong service ethic.This view is supported by Bryan (2003) who argues that professional work can be seen to be increasingly influenced by politics. This can be justified by the claim that the policies of governments are ideologically driven, and then professionalism may be understood as constructs which develop in result to ideological influences. Thomas (2012) uses professionalism as a descriptor of a crew of teachers specific capabilities and knowledge, the purpose and ethical underpinnings of their work, the extent to which they are able to exercise independent and critical judgement, their role in shaping and leading changes in their field, and their relationship to other stakeholders.Despite the vicissitude of the notion of professionalism in education, standard analyses of how this concept can be applied in public service such as teaching and nursing have stressed the wideness of specialist knowledgeand expertise, ethical codes as well as procedures come to with training, induction and continuing professional development (Flexner, 1915 Larson, 1977 Langford, 1978 Eraut, 1994). Attached to this view of professionalism is the assumption that in exchange for a vaster say in matters link up to school and teaching, teachers are expected to submit to greater levels of scrutiny and work roles that go beyond classroom teaching (Stone-Johnson, 2013). In this exchange there is a shift of index number whereby as the work of the teachers becomes increasingly professionalised, teachers turn up to have surrendered degrees of professionalism.The critical project in education supervenes from the postulation that pedagogical practices are linked to social practices, and that it is the task of the critical intellectual to discern and address injustices in these practices. The Frankfurt Schools perception of Critical Theory was driven by an underlying commitment to the notion that theory as well as practice must inform the work of those who seek to transform the oppressive conditions that exist in the world. Their ideas influenced other great critical theorists such as Freire and Gramsci. If the notion of critical theory is to be linked to the debate on professionalism, it can be argued that the development of critical pedagogy out of critical theory has changed the way by means of which the role of the teacher is seen, particularly the professional position of the teacher in the society.It has been argued that there has been a widespread erosion of professional autonomy in young years (Barton et al, 1994, Whitty et al 1998). This has been a result of the centralisation of control over all aspects of teachers work such as class (National programme, literacy and numeracy hours), assessment, (SATs, QAA/ Ofsted Inspections) and conditions of service (imposed by the employers in a controlled quasi-market regulated by centralistic funding formulae, league tables and inspection regimes.) (Freidson, 2001). This can be corroborated by a survey of teachers carried by Helsby and McCulloch (1997) as it showed that the government onslaught of edi cts and initiatives demolished professionalism.It has been argued the look of policy documents have positioned the teacher as fundamentally impotent in terms of curriculum design. The teacherhas been reduced to a mere curriculum deliverer. This is mainly to system of communication that is viewed as one-sided by educational critiques. Murphy and Fleming (2010) have attempted to deal with this issue by apply the Habermas notion of communicative bodily function. They argue that, for Habermas, the essential feature of communicative action is that it aims at make agreement.Furthermore in order for that agreement to be not only mutually acceptable but satisfactory, its participants must be willing to make and defend validity claims such as claims of righteousness, truth and truthfulness. Habermas notion accedes to the fact that while validity claims are raised mechanically in everyday communication, it is only when communication aims primarily at reaching consensus, and when partici pants provide reasons for their argument, that rationality actually manifests itself. It can be argued that in the case of professionalism, Critical Theory is meant to herald a liberatory education that empowers stakeholders, fosters curiosity and critical thinking, and provides a means for crucial successful bottom-up, top-down engagement in the political arena.The introduction of a prescriptive and centralised National Curriculum has greatly weakened the professional confidence of teachers, (Helsby and McCulloch, 1997). It has also left them indeterminate of their ability to cope and of their right to take major curriculum decisions. This has resulted in the government having more control over the teaching profession, (Meyer- Emerick, 2004). Critical theory prefers to call this process one-dimensionality of life. and so this extended the existing disposition of power and its impact on the construction of knowledge. Gramsci was deeply concerned with the elan in which domination was undergoing major shifts and changes within the industrial western societies.He developed a theory of hegemony, whereby he sought to explain the appearance by which these changes were exercised more and more through the moral leaders of the society (including teachers) who participated in and reinforced universal common sense notions of what is considered to be truth in society. This is consonant with Foucaults questioning of what he termed regimes of truth that were upheld and perpetuated through the manner in which particular knowledge was legitimated within the setting of a variety of power relationships within the society. Foucaults perceptions of power is not whole at play in the context of domination, but also in the context of creative acts of resistance and these are produced as human beings are interact across the dynamic of relationship and shaped by moments of potency and autonomy. Such a viewpoint challenges the dichotomised standpoint of either domination or power lessness of power as enticed by radical education theorists. Thus it can be argued that Foucaults writing on knowledge and power shed light on a critical understanding of the teaching profession in relation to authority. More so it does open the door to a better understanding of power relations within the context of teaching practice.