Micro Environment Of HSBC

little Environment Of HSBCThe substantial land is now getting so much warlike and diversify. So the art organization doing craft globosely must feature to keep back their strategy in polar way that will give them competitive benefit in the competitive global market place. So the aim of this subsidization is to show how an organization is making its global strategy and what the competitive advantages argon they getting from this course strategy. As required, Hongkong and Shanghai shoreing Corporation (HSBC) is selected and analyzed in this assignment.The HSBC multitude has a history, which is unique. many a(prenominal) of its principal companies opened for business all(a) over a century ago and they have a history productive in variety and achievement.The inspiration behind the founding of the vernacular was doubting Thomas Sutherland, a Scot who was then working as the Hong Kong Superintendent of the Peninsular and oriental S police squad Navigation Company. Re alizing the considerable demand for local swearing facilities both in Hong Kong and along the China coast and he upholded to establish the shore in March 1865. Then, as now, the strands headquarters were at 1 Queens street Central in Hong Kong and a branch was opened one calendar month later in Shanghai.Throughout the late nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries, the slang established a intercommunicate of agencies and branches based mainly in China and South East Asia but also with re presentation in the Indian sub-continent, Japan, Europe and North America. In or so(prenominal) of its branches the commit was the initiate of unexamp conduct banking practices (Company overview)This assignment includes outline of the business environment of this organisation by analysis of the micro and macro environments and using divers(prenominal) analysis techniques. much(prenominal) as SWOT Analysis, PEST Analysis etc. This also covers the analysis of the industry of the or ganization, the impact of globalization on the organization, and the inter peopleal market where it operates its business.1.1 Micro Environment of HSBC GroupStakeholders Stakeholders of HSBC atomic scrap 18 always getting the preference. There ar antithetic stakeholders of HSBC. Such asSh areholdersMedia PublicsGovernmentCitizen-action publicsLocal publicsGeneral publics intrinsic publicsSuppliers suppliers form an important link in the companys overall client prize delivery system. HSBC maintains a coc anchored relationship with all the suppliers of this bank just about the world. So they always cooperates the bank in any type of fateed.Customers The bank tries to target mainly five types of guest markets. These are as Consumers, business clients, reseller market, Government, and external guests. HSBC mainly maintains strong relationship with international customers for long shape profitability.Competitors Competitors are the throng to hasten the business environment d ynamic and surpass them to identify diverse new ideas of doing business. They always make a unspoilt competitive environment and maintain a formal and cooperative emplacement of business.Market intermediaries Marketing intermediaries are composed of all the individuals or companies who help in the promotion, selling, and distribution of the companys products or service. They play an important role to make sure the growth of the organization.1.2 Macro Environment of HSBC GroupExternal humor A light upon part of the Groups business strategy, announced in 1998, is the creative activity of a global brand featuring the HSBC break and hexagon symbol. The symbol is now a familiar sight or so the world. The Group has embarked on the next kind making the HSBC brand universally synonymous with its core orders of integrity, entrust and excellent customer service.Economic Through the process of listening to individuals requirementfully and then acting in partnership to deliver th e right solutions, HSBC is perpetrate to help the clients make the most of their monetary assets. This declares the most favorable economic situation.Political and legal environment HSBC operate on a global basis, but also work on a local level to ensure the cross-border differences are identified and any related benefits exploited. HSBC teams of specialists ensure that whether you need solutions across the world, constituentally, or locally, and they have the skills, expertise, and resources to deliver them. They automate as many functions as possible, even as ensuring retains control. So they have to cope up with the political and legal environment of the all in all world.Cultural environment HSBC claims that they are the people to talk to if anyone wants the following spheric cash flow co-ordination raise risk managementImproved security and audit controlsMinimized cost and reduced operating expensesMaximized liquidity, returns and interest benefitsThis finish makes the o rganization popular to the customer and the customer brush aside be satisfied by the service of the bank.Resources (capital, people and intrinsic) The Hexagon logo of HSBC derives from HSBCs traditionally gladiola, a white rectangle divided diagonally. The design of the flag was based on the cross of ST. Andrew, The Patron Saint of Scotland. HSBC brand bodily identity represents what HSBC wants its brand to mean to its customer. It is derived from the group. Without these resources it has also a larger-than-life make sense of capital resources and a large group of expert and trained employees. technology HSBCs basic drives are Higher Productivity, Team Orientation, and Creative Organization, Customer Orientation. The fondness of HSBC brand is integrity, trust, and excellent customer service. It gives confidence to customers, value to investors, comfort to colleagues.HSBC is a prudent, cost conscious, estimablely grounded, conservative, trus dickensrthy international build er of long-term customer relationships.1.3 SWOT Analysis of HSBCSWOT analysis is a process of situational analysis. Evaluating a firms strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and holy terrors through a SWOT analysis is an easy process that declare oneselfs worthful insights relating to critical issues affecting an organization.SWOT analysisThe internal and orthogonal situations can provide valuable information which can come in practised at clocks. The SWOT analysis categorizes the internal organizational factors as strengths and weaknesses and the outside(a) situational aspects as opportunities or threats. The strengths can be used for building a competitive advantage, whereas weakness may hinder the process.The purpose of SWOT analysis is to identify crucial factors for realizing the goals. The internal factors of an organization can be considered as strengths or weaknesses depending upon their impact on the organization. These may include all 4Ps, personnel, manufacturing c apabilities, finance, etc, whereas external factors are technological changes, macroeconomic factors, socio-cultural changes and legislation, as rise up as changes occurring in the marketplace.SWOT analyses of HSBC are as followStrengthsHSBCs strengths are its resources that lie inCost advantages from proprietary know how is very favorable.It has a great value of Patents and trademarkHSBC has Influential brand namesIt also has access to natural resourcesAccessible distribution nedeucerkWeaknessThe weakness can be lack of certain strengths that includeLack of patent protection take of access to main distribution channelsWeak brand nameHigh cost structureInaccessible natural resourcesOpportunitiesThe assessment of external environment may bring forth certain new opportunities for HSBC, which are as followsTechnologies innovationsElimination of international trade barriersAn untapped market needThreatsUnfavorable changes in external environment may pose threat to the organization. Som e of them are as followsConsumers shift to unalike brand stretch of substitutesStrict regulationsGrowing trade barriers1.4 PEST Analysis of HSBC1. Political FactorsThis fare dissects the political, governmental, and legal aspects of a particular business. Both local and global environments are studied because federal, state, local, and foreign governments are contain regulators, deregulators, subsidizers, employers.2. Economic FactorsEconomic analysis, a comprehensive study of national, regional, and global economic performance and trends, represents a passing important phase of strategy development for planned, start-up, and growing businesses3. Social FactorsThe genial component of strategic analysis relates to assessing the social, cultural, demographic, and environmental profiles of addressable markets.4. Technological Factors applied science is a business enabler that has revolutionary impact on the actual act up of business. It contributes to achieving desired business productivity and efficiency. Technology is one of the key drivers of upstart business firm. As an international organization HSBC try to adopt modern technology always. So this will give preference to the firm.2.1 History of swear IndustryThe history of banking begins with the first prototype banks of merchants of the ancient world, which made cereal grass loans to farmers and traders who carried goods between cities. This began around 2000 BC in Assyria and Babylonia. Later, in ancient Greece and during the papist Empire, lenders based in temples made loans and added two important innovations they accepted deposits and changed capital. archeology from this period in ancient China and India also shows evidence of money lending activity(Peter Garber, 2001). margeing, in the modern sense of the word, can be traced to gallant and early Renaissance Italy, to the rich cities in the north such as Florence, Venice and Genoa. Perhaps the most famous Italian bank was the Medici bank, e stablished by Giovanni Medici in 1397.The development of banking spread from northern Italy through Europe and a number of important innovations took place in Amsterdam during the Dutch state in the 16th century and in London in the seventeenth century. The financial crisis of 2007-2008 caused many bank failures, including some of the worlds largest banks, and provoked much turn over about bank regulation.In the Late-2000s financial crisis caused significant stress on banks around the world. The failure of a large number of major banks resulted in government bail-outs. The collapse and fire sale of Bear Stearns to JP Morgan Chase in March 2008 and the collapse of Lehman Brothers in September that same year led to a credit crunch and global banking crises (Jean-Charles Rochet, 2008).In response governments around the world bailed-out, nationalized or arranged fire sales for a large number of major banks. These events spawned the term too big to fail and resulted in a lot of discuss ion about the moral hazard of these actions.2.2 The close of orbiculateization and Current Internal IssuesAccording to Modelski, globalization is a historical process which is characterized by a growing engagement between peoples on all corners of the globe (Modelski, 2003, pp.55-59). However, as Heywood points out, it can refer to various things such as processes, policies, strategies, an occurrence or an ideology. He suggests, its elusive meaning lays in the fact that it is non so much and it as a team (2007, p.143). The reason for the elusiveness of the term is that, as Heywood pints out, it involves many different facets which many different academics proclaim as its defining features.This provides the best summary of what globalization is and what it involves even, different perspectives on globalization view these processes in different ways and provide competing explanations of their significance. The first of these to be outlined is the hyper globalist perspective (Held , D. and McGrew, A. (2003).Each perspective differs however on how the globalization process impacts on politics. The hyper globalists argue that globalization is confidential information the world into a period which will see the end of the nation state and the emergence of a global governance system. The transformation lists on the other hand reject this idea, and instead claim that the nation state is still relevant in a globalised world, but needs to alter to the challenges that the increasing flows of capital and culture impose.On the issue of cultural flows at that place is again divergence amongst the perspectives. For hyper globalists, the path towards a homogenous world culture is inevitable as globalization develops.For transformation lists, the process of globalization is creating a world community of diverse cultures whilst for the skeptics, cultural interaction and integration is zero new. On the question on the extent the world is actually globalised, at that plac e is also agreement and disagreement (Peter Garber, 2001).For both the hyper globalists and the transformation lists, the contemporary world is more globalised than ever before, with economics, politics and culture never more machine-accessible than in this age of mass media, internet and rapid communication. Globalization, they argue, has touched both corner of the globe, and will continue on that trajectory into the future. For the skeptics however, the world is not actually globalised but is instead regionalized. To back up this claim, they point to the commodious inequalities between countries in the western world, and those in the developing world.2.3 The internationalist Markets In Which It OperatesHSBCs International NetworkThe HSBC Groups international network comprises of some 7,000 offices in 80 countries. A brief list is presented belowFig 2 HSBCs International NetworksCountry ClassificationsTo ensure that the key resources (management time, capital, human resources and information technology) are mighty allocated and that the exchange of best practice is accelerated between entities, the group has assort the countries where it operates into 3 categories the large, the major and the international.These classifications are a function of sustainable, attributable gelt, the number of retail clients, balance sheet and size of operation. A brief presentation of this classification is shown belowFigure 3 Map of HSBCs Country Classifications prodigious get together Kingdom, USA and Hong Kong SAR/Mainland China.DefinitionMore than one one million million ain clientsSustainable earnings greater than US$ 200 million problem rivetConcentrated group resources on wealth managementBe a top 10 player in any market or region servedDevelop cross selling, loyalty programs and value added products. study Argentina, Canada, Malaysia, India, Kingdom of Saudi-Arabian Arabia, Singapore and United Arab Emirates.DefinitionSustainable earnings between US$ 100 2 00 millionBusiness FocusUniversal banks (personal, incorporated, and investment banking with domestic business)Platforms for international group business neighboring generation of large companiesStable self funding entitiesOnshore HQInternational The rest of the worldDefinition Earnings below US$ 100 millionBusiness FocusPlatforms for international group businessLimited domestic presenceNursery for developing managementTomorrows major businessesSupported by inshore HQ banks down the stairs the HSBC GroupMany of the members have changed their name into HSBC, The Hongkong and Shanghai stranding Corporation Limited to introduce the whole group under one brand name. home(a) BankHSBC Holdings acquired Midland Bank one of the principal UK clearing banks in 1992. Headquartered in London, the bank has a personal customer base of five and a half(a) million, business customers of over half a million, and a network of intimately 1,700 branches in the United Kingdom. Midland has offices i n 28 countries and territories, principally in continental Europe, with a number of offices in Latin America. name Seng BankHang Seng Bank, in which Hongkong Bank has a 62.1% equity interest, maintains a network of 146 branches in the Hong Kong SAR, where it is the second largest locally incorporated bank after Hongkong Bank. Hang Seng Bank also has a branch in Singapore and two branches and two representative offices in China. maritime Midland BankMarine Midland Bank headquartered in Buffalo, New York, has 380 banking locations statewide. The bank serves over two million personal customers and 120,000 commercial and institutional customers in New York acres and, in selected businesses, throughout the United States.Hongkong Bank of CanadaHongkong Bank of Canada is the largest foreign-owned bank in Canada and the countrys seventh-largest bank. With headquarters in Vancouver, it has 116 branches across Canada and two branches in the western United States.Banco HSBC BamerindusBanco HS BC Bamerindus was established in Brazil in 1997. The bank has network of some 1,900 branches and sub-branches, the second largest in Brazil.Hongkong Bank MalaysiaHongkong Bank Malaysia is the largest foreign-owned bank in Malaysia and the countrys fifth-largest bank, with 36 branches.The British Bank of the shopping centre East (British Bank)The British Bank of the Middle East (British Bank) is the largest and most widely represented international bank in the Middle East, with 31 branches throughout the United Arab Emirates, Oman, Bahrain, Qatar, Jordan, Lebanon and the Palestinian Autonomous Area, including an offshore banking unit in Bahrain. The bank also has branches in Mumbai and Trivandrum, India, and Baku, Azerbaijan, as well as private banking operations in London and Geneva.HSBC Banco RobertsHSBC Banco Roberts was acquired in 1997. found in Buenos Aires, it is one of Argentinas largest privately owned banks, with 60 branches throughout the country.Hongkong Bank of Austral iaHongkong Bank of Australia has 16 branches across Australia. It is the flagship of the HSBC Groups businesses at that place, operating under the name HSBC Australia, and providing a complete range of financial services.The Saudi British BankThe Saudi British Bank, a 40%-owned member of the HSBC Group, has 63 branches throughout Saudi Arabia and a branch in London.Figure 1 Banks under the HSBC GroupOther associated Group banks are British Arab Commercial Bank, The Cyprus Popular Bank and Egyptian British Bank.Customer Segments of HSBC GroupPersonal Financial workHSBC provides a full range of personal financial services, including current and savings account, mortgages, insurance insurance, credit cards, loans, pensions and investments. In 2000, residential mortgages across the Group excluding Household grew by 15%, while non-mortgage personal lending increased by over 20%. Credit cards in issue grew by 20% worldwide. Sales of repayment protection insurance and deposit growth r eached land levels. Current account balances in the UK exceeded 10 billion for the first time at year-end 2000. The number of customers registered for e-banking services via the internet and telephone more than trebled in 2000. The internet generated sales of over 2.3 million products and 87 million transactions.Consumer FinanceThrough Household International, Inc., HSBC is now a major provider of consumer finance and a top 10 issuer of credit cards in the USA. Household provides consumer loans, credit cards, vehicle finance, mortgage financing and credit insurance to middle America. During 2004, Household achieved good organic loan growth, which it supplemented with portfolio acquisitions. The strongest growth was in the real estate portfolio and the mortgage services business, and also in branch-based consumer lending. synergism benefits with HSBC included store cards and point-of-sale financing.Commercial BankingThe provision of services to small and medium-sized enterprises around the world is core strength of HSBC. During 2000, HSBC increased its trail position in the UK business start-up market to 21% and attracted record levels of business current and deposit account balances. Business internet banking was offered in 20 countries and territories, and the number of registered users more than doubled to 600,000. Money transmission revenues, trade finance fees, wealth, savings and insurance products all showing growth during 2000.Corporate, Investment Banking and MarketsThis customer group comprises four main business lines Corporate and Institutional Banking, Global Investment Banking, Global Markets and Global Transaction Banking which focus on long-term relationships with major international corporations and institutions. Record results were achieved in 2000. The Global Markets business excelled, especially in international debt issuance, risk management and structured products, and foreign exchange. Global Investment Banking was entrusted with a number of landmark deals in capital restructuring, corporate reorganization and strategic advice.Private BankingThis customer group provides world-class financial services to high net worth individuals and their families. In 2000, Private Banking stick on improved financial results in all regions, led by Asia, which had a record year. New business initiatives and a general improvement in investment markets led to increased client activity across a range of products. An increase in discretionary mandates, together with a strong demand for client-tailored structured products, contributed to higher fee revenues and dealing income. Funds under management grew by 18%, reflecting both net inflows of client assets and improve market conditions.2.4 The Impact of Globalization on HSBCCorporate banking is the most useful segment of HSBC, since it has globally recognized brand name and it has competitive advantage in international trade and finance. But the nature of competition in financ ial service is ever-changing dramatically. Most competitive advantages are not creating long-term benefits and at best are temporarily improving yesterdays business. From the study it seemed to me that personal financial products of HSBC are mainly basic since it is less focused. exploitation the brand name and widening the personal financial product range, HSBC bank has the potential to become the leader in consumer banking market of the country. So, the concerned section should formulate strategy and policies to compete better with the challenging opportunities of the future.3.1 Moral and good questionsAs an international organization HSBC sometimes faces some problems in different geographic location. This problem is the moral and ethical question. The bank operates in different conservative countries. The sociological limitations of these countries make some ethical dilemma for the bank. The bank always tries to involve with different corporate social affairs. So their differ ent strategies sometimes have a little bout with the existing ethical framework of those countries.3.2 ConflictsWhen the bank started the journey in Africa in had to face a lot of problems in operation. Because the people of Africa have different social value and culture. So the bank had to gradually cope up with the existing culture. The humor change of Africa also made some problems. The general business policy had to change due to the conflict of the existing sociological forces. Though the bank is still changing their policy but still now there have some ethical and moral conflict. The anti-globalism policy of some countries makes the conflict with the globalized policy of the bank.3.3 LegislationCorporate social responsibility is the one of the key marketing policy of HSBC. The banks main focus is to involve with more international corporate affairs by means of CSR. This planning has the impact on global marketing. But the corporate social responsibility issue is not always s mooth in all in the countries. Different countries and region have some legislation and bindings in regulations relating to corporate social responsibility. In Asia the business policy sometimes faces some legislative obstacles and the bank have to face some problems in operations.ConclusionDuring the Second World war the bank was forced to close many branches and its head office was temporarily moved to London. However, after the war the bank played a key role in the reconstruction of the Hong Kong economy and began to further diversify the geographical spread of the bank.The post-war political and economic changes in the world forced the bank to analyze its strategy for continued growth in the 1950s. The bank diversified both its business and its geographical spread through acquisitions and alliances. This strategy culminated in 1992 with one of the largest bank acquisitions in history when HSBC Holdings acquired the UKs Midland Bank plc (now called HSBC Bank plc). However, it r emained committed to its historical markets and played an important part in the reconstruction of Hong Kong where its branch network continued to expand.HSBC understands that there are many challenges veneer todays youth as they prepare to engage in the increasingly changing and complex aspects of the real world. Recognizing the importance of educating, inspiring and equipping youth of all backgrounds to succeed in a global economy, we began a partnership with jr. Achievement USA (Junior Achievement) in 1942. We expanded this partnership to launch a global initiative in 2006 and began working with JA Worldwide.

Film Analysis Troy (2004) | Historical Accuracy of Troy

Film Analysis troy (2004) Historical accuracy of troy weightAs generations continue to revolutionize, various newfang conduct prospects lie up for the m whatever inhabitants of egraphicsh, no matter what corner they live in. At a time when technology is changing so rapidly, the histories, traditions and polishs of the past ar several(prenominal)times forgotten, if non lost altogether. To counter this, Hollywood directors and p magnetic poleucers alike cr fertilisee wonderful studys that set ab step to the fore to life the umteen stories and legends that ar carried down by generations, neverthe little give right smart a fall out of macrocosm lost forever. superstar of the stories that was write down rather than told was Homers heroic poem, the Illiad which was staple fibre e truly(prenominal)y the legend of the Trojan War. The bilge pissing which is thought to be based on hi storey was turned into a word-painting in 2004 by director Wolfgang Petersen. The mo vie houses plot is based on the queer of Mycenae, Agamemnon, who has forced the kingdoms of Greece into a loose onlyiance after decades of war. Menelaus, the King of Sparta and Agamemnons br separate, strives to throw off peace with troy, who is the most powerful rival to the emerging farming exclusively when the Trojan prince, Paris, steals away Menelauss wife, Helen, Agamemnon strives to get her back for his brother and in the meantime, employ the nonethelesst as an opportunity to fight Troy and bring it down, so that Sparta could be the strongest Grecian state of matter. Although an ingenious plot, based on the ramifyic epic poem, galore(postnominal) things go off be questi oned, as it is unknown if the epic poem was even based on taradiddle itself. A icon that is historically in consummate gives no benefit to its viewers as the story can be so twisted and changed that it is no yearner, a floor of history, tradition or culture. When examined meticulously, it is c learly evident however, that the film Troy, is historically spotless as it is based on true facts from the past Greek life. The force, visualised done fleck formations, weapons, and naval warfargon, the culture of the Greeks portrayed done burial chamber customs, belief in idols and architecture as well as severalise structure, portrayed through the roles of wo custody, the delight in to the king, and the regardfulness to the Myrmidons, Achilles competitiveness group, are all pieces of evidence that lead to the verdict that the film Troy is historically straight.The military and its diametrical separate that it is made up of are essential to any estate, particularly one which is emerging to be the most powerful. The military not only protects the nation from invaders notwithstanding also helps in the conquering of new territories to expand the nation so that it can grow. Expansion and conquering enemies all bring up a nations status, which is why the Greeks fou ght with each other to fix power and respect from others. Part of the militaries practices which were essential to its inhabitence were fighting formations. The fighting formations of the Greeks were tightly formed and organized so that the foeman could not penetrate. The date clientele a carefully built wall, the warriors standing with shield touching shield in a solid line. This is apt(predicate) to shit been the define onwards a conflict, with armies drawn up in opposing lines and group meeting in this simple formation. The struggle probably broke up into a mle, only after one side had assumption way, fol lowlyed by individual pay competentls and single combat.1It is evident that the fighting formations were strongly merged so that the army appeared not only to a greater extent powerful and mighty, but more organized and thitherfore more likely to intimidate the enemy. formerly the formations were broken, the warriors fought individually, trying to kill as many of the opponents as possible. This sort of fighting in formation was also portrayed in the film Troy where Hectors army gathered come forwarddoors of the Trojan walls standing side by side, with their large rectangular shields touching each other for protection. Once employment was initiated however, the men separated and fought individually. This event in the delineation was clearly an accurate word picture of fighting formations in Greece during 1250 B.C.E and gum olibanum starts to prove that the film Troy is historically accurate.Another division of the military, one of the most weighty in fact, is the weapons. Without weapons, battle would be very hard to win because warriors would need to be clever and exceptionally strong so that they could oer income tax return their enemy with their uncover hands. Luckily, the Greeks had very developed weapons, which turn up to be useful against opponents. Weapons like spears and swords were utilise extensively in the Greek militar y, although spears were the first weapon of choice. Swords always front to create interpreted second place after spears.2This is also portrayed in the movie Troy as when Hector faces Achilles in one on one combat, they use their spears first and then their swords. Spears in the film were constructed in such a manner that they looked like they were supposed to. Throwing spears (javelins) were usual, but just about were obviously thrusting spears, such as Hectors, which was supposed to be 11 cubits long. Spear shafts were made of ash wood.3Although it is impossible to tell the tiny length of the thrusting spears use in the film, they were pretty long, visually facial expression to be about 5 metres, which is approximately the length of 11 cubits. The rod of the spears were all made out of wood, although again, it is impossible to tell whether or not it was particularly out of ash wood, however it was definitely made out of wood. Therefore it is obvious that the film Troy sticks t o history because of the solids and props they utilize on set to film the production, the same materials and objects which were used over 3 thousand eld ago.The last division in the military which was of last importance to the Greeks, was naval or the sea category. Without naval ships, armies could not have gotten around and travelled to other areas to expand their territories or challenge their enemy as a consequence for a wrongdoing. The Greeks used many different types of warships, although the ones that were most common during the Trojan War and which were described in Homers epic poem Illiad were Pentekonters. Two types of ships are mentioned by Homer light, fast ships provide by 20 oars, and heavier warships powered by 50 oars. These 50-oared galleys had one take only. They appear to have been built of importly from pine wood, with oars of polished spruce. plot of land the bow terminated in a nearly vertical prow with a metal sheathed ram at the waterline. Pentekonte rs had a mast with a square sail that was taken down before deprivation into battle4In the movie Troy the ships used also had one direct of oarsmen and about 50 men rowing with oars. The front of the ship had an well-nigh vertical prow that was slightly curved to the shape of the ship that helped item the ship when it reached the shores. The ships used in the film also had square determine white masts that were lowered when the ship reached the shore. Evidently, the portrayal of the military in the film, whether naval or on land, was historically accurate because the things depict were genuine to history and actual Greek objects and occurrences.The culture of any nation, whether emerging or already established plays an crucial role in the allday lives of citizens. Culture is a development in inhabited area that video displays how prosperous the place is, because the principal(prenominal) focus is no longer on just now mere survival of the fittest, as there are things to do. Religion, architecture, art, beauty, sports are just some of the aspects of culture that show how lively a nation is, because the people can have an average out income, but if they are culturally satisfied, they depart be happier than those who have no culture. Culture played an important role in the lives of the Greeks and they had advanced burial customs, holiness and architecture, which made their nation a better place to live. interment customs are one aspect of culture that was sophisticated and there was always a belief in the afterlife in the Greek culture, no matter what religion. Inhumation was most common in Mycenaean times, but by c. 1200 BC cremation became the main method of burial and was frequent5Evidently, by the time of the Trojan War, cremation was used most often and this is depicted in the film as well because everyone who erupts in the film, whether it was Patroclus, Hector or any other warrior they were all collected and burned. In cremation, bodie s were burned on a pyre soldiers killed in warfare were only rarely bury on the battlefield. Very often they were incinerated on the battle site and their ashes taken kin.6It is obvious that soldiers were generally not buried at the site of the battle in which they fought, rather just cremated and the ashes were gathered and taken home. This was the case in the film Troy when many soldiers died chariots collected the bodies and carried them just outside of the battle field where there was a huge fire where other soldiers would cremate the bodies. Again it is clearly portrayed that the film Troy was historically accurate because it followed the burial customs that the ancient Greeks practiced themselves.Religion was another important aspect of the ancient Greeks life and they all worshipped some gods. To some Greeks, certain gods were unimportant, but others were considered almighty to them. To the Trojans, the God Apollo was of high importance. A god worshipped throughout the Gre ek man, and the embodiment of moral excellence He was the god of prophecy, healing, archery. He was also a god of light (sometimes being identified with the Sun and with the god Helios).7In the film Troy the main worship was to Apollo and this is portrayed through frequent reference to Apollo, when King Priam or his men were prophesising. Everything centered on Apollo, who Priam prayed to nightly and to whom he assumed the woody Trojan horse by the Greeks was built. The precious temple of Troys patron god Apollo (complete with 5 foot high solid opulent statue of Apollo) is located outside the city, down the beach.8This was the case in the film because the Trojans created a temple just outside the city and in front of it was a massive gold statue of Apollo. Clearly, the historical accuracy of the film Troy is yet again proved as it supports the facts from ancient Greek religion.Another form of culture is the art through mainly architecture that is apparent in any nation that is o n the rise to being one of the best. Architecture shows how culturally rich a society is because again the main focus is no longer survival, but other things as well, which show how prosperous a nation may be. Troy had a massive wall that protected the city on the inside and that was their main form of architecture. The walls of fortifications are an average of 16.5 ft thick and are built of massive stones weighing up to 10 tons.9Evidently the fortifications at Troy were utmost(a)ly large which is why no one could penetrate them until the Greeks created the Trojan horse. This is also portrayed in the movie Troy when the Greeks attack but cannot penetrate the walls until they sneak in through the horse. The walls used in the film are visibly made out of stone and very large, although it is impossible to tell the exact sum of moneyments of the fortification. Overall, the portrayal of culture in the film Troy is historically accurate because the burial customs, religion and architect ure portrayed in the film is the same as that of the ancient Greek humans.The class structure of the ancient Greek world was some(prenominal) different than ours today, although some things are similar to todays world. Historical accuracy in the class structure system is key to a successful impression of the ancient Greek world in film. The respect addicted to women, to the king, and to Achilles elect warrior group, the Myrmidons, all are historically accurate because it is very similar to the respect habituated in the ancient Greek world. The respect given to women in the ancient Greek time period was small but there were enjoyable parts to it. Female characters of the upper class led a relatively independent life. Although women were technically of citizen status, they had no rights of citizenship. Women had no political rights and could take no part whatsoever in government.10Evidently women had small respect but those of the upper class were fairly independent, being allow ed to do more than the littleer women, although none of them could participate in authorities. This is also portrayed in the film Troy. The women of the palace who were princesses or so took no part in the politics of the palace where all the men assembled, led by the king and his princes to fancy out things for Troy. Although women had no role in politics and government, they played an important role in religion. Within religion women did play an important role, such as a dominant role at funerals, weddings. There were many priestesses.11This is also portrayed within the film Troy as when Briseis, the full cousin of Hector and Paris, decided to execute Apollos servant she was commended and it was said that Apollo is going to have a wonderful servant. Although women had this advantage, they were considered weak and a reference to this is made in the movie when it is said that peace is for women and weak by Agamemnon. Evidently using that metaphor, women were considered fragile and therefore peace went straight along with women since peace did not show off nations might or power. Evidently, the film Troy is historically accurate because it correctly portrays the respect given to women in the ancient Greek class system.In the ancient Greek world, there was always a lot of respect given to the king of the nation, whether he deserved it or not. Kings were very respected officials and demanded that they were given honour even if they were wrong on something. In the film Troy the respect given to the king, particularly Agamemnon was very high although he did not do anything. Odysseus, comments on this to Achilles who gets angry over the fact that warriors are giving the king things that they stole, even though he did nothing at all to deserve the gifts. Odysseus says War is old men talking, and young men dying. Evidently it is portrayed that the king had more respect whether he deserved it or not, and in this case, it is evident that Agamemnon did not deserve the respect that he was being given. Nonetheless, the king continued to be showered with gifts, as warriors were honoured to be in his presence and to be given a forecast by him.Achilles elite group of warriors, the Myrmidons, were also a group that was given a lot of respect and was allowed to be different because they were necessary to the earnings of many battles. Although the king, particularly Agamemnon disliked Achilles and his group very a great deal because of their individuality, he used them because of their skill. For example, all Greek warships that sailed had white sails but the ship that was used by the Myrmidons, had a b deficiency sail and was a showcase of their individuality. The Myrmidons, led by Achilles were so skilled that when they went out on their own onto the beaches of Troy, kinda of waiting for the other Greek ships behind them, Agamemnon complained but soon acknowledge that it was the groups choice to do what they want. Evidently Achilles group, the Myrmidons, had a lot of respect from others, even Agamemnon who let them do what they wanted to, because of the Greek need for them and their skill. Overall class structure and the respect that was given in the film Troy was historically accurate because it truthfully portrayed women, the king and the Myrmidons.From the beginning of the film Troy directed by Wolfgang Petersen, right to the end, the film proves that it is historically accurate and thus keeps the legend of the Trojan War, written down by Homer through his epic poem the Illiad alive. When analyzing the military portrayed in the film through the fighting formations, weapons and naval warfare, it is evident that the producers stuck to history and made an accurate portrayal of the Greek military. Culture as well is an aspect that proves to be truthful to the ancient Greek world through the portrayal of burial customs, religion and architecture. Finally, class structure and respect is yet another part of the film that rem ains historically faithful through the portrayal of the respect given to women, the king and Achilles elite group of warriors, the Myrmidons. Overall, it is apparent how new periods of time can still maintain history and portray legends, traditions and cultures of the past accurately, so that the auditory modality can benefit from the film and the story of the ancient world will never be lost.What Causes destitution And Inequality?What Causes need And Inequality? meagreness vary across rural and the urban areas. Rural areas have a high privation rate than urban areas due to low-wage jobs and a higher rural unemployment. penury rises as the area becomes more rural. poverty could become a very sober issue everywhere. Lack of basic necessitate can increase the poverty rate. Urban areas are not likely to be affected to poverty but not all places.What is leanness?For some people poverty could mean being deplorable or having no money. But to me personally poverty could mean so much more.Its when people lack the basic necessities for survival. For object lesson they may have been starving, lack of clean water, straightlaced housing, isolated from family and friends, experiencing racism and discrimination, having difficulty in get your basic needs, sufficient clothing or medicines and be struggling to retain alive. need can mean different for each individual. It could meanWhat causes beggary and Inequality? several(prenominal) people may phone that countries such as MEDCS (more economically developed countries) no one can be slimy or if they are, its just due to some failings and problems. However, that is not the case. In naturalism it is more a measure of inequality. For example, a person who is relatively poor in a rich outlandish usually suffers less material deprivation than someone who is lifetime in a country with low overall standards. In these countries poverty could be an extreme major problem you are more likely to lack basic needs an d survival can be more of a struggle, but because the general living standards are lower in these countries, there may be less relative poverty this will be less difference in the midst of the poor and the living standards of everybody else.How can poverty affect inequality?Poverty hits children hardest, like every lack of goods and services hurts every other military personnel being. Poverty can damage childrens environment in every way whether it is physical, mental, emotional or spiritual. For example, women who must walk long distances to fetch dwelling house water may not be able to fully find out to their children this may affect their wellness and development. And children themselves who walk long distances to fetch water for their family have less time to attend school. This problem particularly affects girls. Poverty can lead to malnutrition, which in turn is contributing factor in half of the under -five deaths in growing countries. Approximately 300 jillion children all around the world go to bed hungry every day. Fulfilling childrens right breaks that cycle. Poverty has been a very big problem in our world today. Poverty can affect inequality, the gap between the rich and the poor which is quite high and often getting wider and wider..People look at term poverty in a different way depending if the country is poor or rich.World longing and PovertyWorld thirstiness is a terrible indicator of world poverty. There are many issues causing hunger which are related to factors that cause poverty. These are famine, drought, poor crop yields etc. The causes of hunger are related to the cause of poverty. One of the major causes of the hunger is poverty itself. According to the UNICEF over 9 cardinal people die worldwide each year because of hunger and malnutrition closely 5 million are children.Poverty is transmitted from one generation to the next generation. For example malnourished babies often may give abide to an under -weight baby. These babie s are more likely to die, but if they survive they are less likely to grow and develop to their full potential.The first finale of The United Nations Millennium Development Goals is to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger. UNICEF helps by building national capacitors for primary health care, level-headed children become healthy adults. These people will create better lives for themselves, their communities and their countries. Helping the worlds children survive and beckon is another way in which UNICEF is percentage. UNICEF also purchases and helps distribute to vaccines to over 40% of children in developing countries. UNICEF along with other governments and non-governmental organizations at national and lodge levels work to strengthen local health systems and improve at home care for children including re-hydration to save lives of infants with severe diarrhea and other diseases.Reducing PovertyReducing Poverty should start with children. Every 3.6 seconds one person dies. Th is generally applies to small children .Small children around the world die because of poverty. Poverty is a serious issue our world is facing today for countries all around the world especially countries in LEDCS (low economically developed countries). It is most threatening to childrens rights survival, health and nutrition, education, participation, and protection from harm and exploitation. It creates an environment that is damaging to childrens development in every way mental, physical, emotional and spiritual.How Can Poverty Be Measured? mostly people who have been below at-risk-of poverty line for several years are likely to be in a more extreme internet site than those who are only in such a situation for a short time, these people are those who live below the poverty line.It is also important to measure the length of time that people are living in poverty.However in many countries, it does not exist covering several consecutive years and this thus limits the possibility to measure those who are longer term below the relative income poverty line and they are likely to be in a worse situation. global Perspective on PovertySome countries are much poorer than other countries due to various reasons. Some countries such as USA and chinaware are well developed and most people might not be suffering poverty. But as I said Poverty is present in this world, it does not matter where you are it is always present. Some countries could be richer and some may still be developing. The gap in equality between countries has been widening in recent year. I think rich countries should be more aware of countries which have more problems due to poverty, this relates the developing countries. This might help the developing countries. The rich countries could help by giving money to provide poor countries food, Shelter, water and human basic needs.Local Perspective on PovertyCountries all round the world have been trying to operate this problem in many ways. For instanc e Poverty has decreased in Ethiopia for the past few years. Ethiopia is a developing country for now but few years later it is going to be one of the more economically developing countries. Some parts of Ethiopia, especially over the country side the government has helped to give some shelter and some food and water. Some big organizations have been helping try to overcome this issue. The ESCO and the UNICEF should be one of those who have given more consideration due to this issue this helps our country solve this problem much faster way.Personal Perspectives on PovertyBeing poor is a very repellent issue. We are very lucky students we are able to sleep with our stomach filled and shelter to live in. I look we are very lucky. Small children go to sleep hungry and die easily. We have the chance to be well educated and become successful. era as children which are poor dont even have money to eat or drink. They usually go to bed hungry. Some dont even have a place to live in this in dicates that I think we are very lucky. Our parents have the money to send us to a proper school and we could get educated and become successful if we take our chance and use it properly.ConclusionAs a conclusion all I can say is that poverty is the worst thing that could happen to a human being. Poverty doe not only happen in poor countries but it is also present in rich countries. Poverty and Inequality have been a major problem. One of the millennium goals is to solve this problem. If this problem is solved our world would have peace. Adults or children would be happier than before they will not go to bed hungry and this will make them stay alive and go to school.Work-Cited List (MLA CITATION)Shah,Anup.Causes of Poverty.web.Acessed on 21/11/11UNICEF.Millenium Development Goals.web.Acessed on 21/11/11Shah,Anup.Causes of Hunger are related to poverty.web.Accessed on 21/11/11European Anti-Poverty Network(EAPN).Poverty and Inequality in the European Union(EU).web.accessed on 21/11/11 Rogers,C.Carolyn.Dimensions of Child Poverty in Rural Areas.web. Accessed on 4/12/11

Analysis of IT Requirements for Pharmaceutical Business

Analysis of IT Requirements for pharmaceutic military controlProject TitleAnalyzing the IT fate and developing softw ar for a sm exclusively pharmaceutic sweepingr operative in India.Abstr strikeThe aim of this throw up is to upraise the say-so of pharmaceutic unit deals event argumentation in India. It is to check polar ship right smart of developing softw atomic design 18 for pedigreees in the pharmaceutic field. This project consequence go everywhere domain-specific altogether told all everywherelookments for criterioning, job sustenance, guest service control impression of treat manifests and sell pharmaceutics in India. And develop a softw ar brass to automate wholesale pharmaceutic fel blueship in hal secondary bring potentness and resultivity, positiveness into pedigree organization.Introduction apothecarys take a crap is a domain, which has already shown lot of harvest in India. As of at face when we consider, it is st ill riotous emergence field when comp bed with opposite fields. Bengal Chemicals and pharmaceutic Works is the first Indian pharmaceutical ac family. This comp each exists even so right away and operating in g all overnment sector. It was established in 1930. Since hence almost of the time India importationed doses from early(a)wise countries. It happened for around 60 years. afterwardwardswards on in India, the prevailment started dowry do dosesstore industries to see what they ar today. At indicate on that point atomic number 18 m each a nonher(prenominal) laws that govern pharmaceutical companies and medicines in India. thither argon about(predicate) patent cerebrate rights. As of now Indian pharmaceutical perseverance is doing well and recognized by the adult male. It is having swell sh argon in the macrocosm merchandise place. In India around 20000 drug shapers exist. As peripheral come onfits, checkup middlemans, sellers, dealers started growing.In this backdrop, the aim of this project is to enhance the effectiveness of pharmaceutical whole sale channel in India. It is to investigate motley(a) ways of developing package for communication channeles in the pharmaceutical sector. study engineering science is beat make use ofd in drugstore to summation effectiveness in the business placements. It could be employ at various levels including whole sale commercialise of the chemists effort. It promotes sassy ways of bl annihilate ining and making business. It ensures prize of services thitherby change magnitude boilers suit harvest-timeivity of business dusts. thither be close to electron orbits that aim long push on this industriousness by utilise In variateation applied science.When it comes the theme of this project that is change magnitude the effectiveness of drugs jobbers by adopting culture Technology as the main instrumentate to yield tone of service to its customers and realise maximum profits out of it. The main purpose of using much(prenominal) package is to repair the per puddleance, transpargonncy, union in the body. It is difficult to do more a(prenominal) things manual of arms(a). The manual system has the pursuance drawbacks. clock consumptionError pr unrivalledless(prenominal) profitabilityLess customer joyProvided the above drawbacks of manual system, if the same is automated we tail end reap the side by side(p) benefits. The benefits of using such nurture Systems female genitalia fix the pharmaceutical exertion in India. Wholesalers in this field are of import fail of such businesses. It is non kindred pickings mission of one business. It is the same(p)s of taking care of free chain of businesses. We should pretend rock-steady translate chain mechanism that blends with co-ordination by all business partners.The wholesalers provide both bourgeoning and distri solelyion functionalities. They alter custo mers to get outputs easily whenever demandd. There mustiness be trade standoff amongst manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers in smart set to provide in time and quality service to its consumers. The pharmaceutical wholesalers undersurface alike sale former(a) cogitate to products not entirely medicines. premature(a) products related to medicine they give the sack give way whatsoever business. They behind similarly provide technological teaching to people. They are equipped with the knowledge of various drugs and how to handle them and use them.One fair thing virtually pharmaceutical patience is that they are encloseled by the disposal. This paves way to just and healthy personality among the companies that are into this merchandise.Small and medium parcel systems cigarette help wholesalers and business holders provide dandy service to their various(prenominal) customers. thickening satisfaction is the account for any business to grow. For this we countenance got impertinent subjects like Customer family Management (CRM) and eCRM. The wholesalers could be a part of SCM (Supply Chain Management). In this boldness they atomic number 50 use the common software for entire chain. Or else they can draw different software with assorted nature and still feat under common interfaces. They can work together to achieve the business goals of business partners.Once again I reiterate that Information Technology is best apply in pharmacy to add effectiveness in the business systems. It could be used at various levels including whole sale mart of the pharmacy labor. It promotes sunrise(prenominal) ways of functional and making business. It ensures quality of services at that placeby change magnitude overall productiveness of business systems. There are most areas that have great impact on this fabrication by using Information Technology. knob BackgroundPadma Agenciesis the pharmaceutical business wholesaler. Its business i s located in Koti, Hyderabad, India. The give away area is 12*20 sqft space. Total rung is 10 members, in these 2 members fill the blood grade, 2 members writing snouts, 1 member appeal hard currency, 5 members to save and wadding all to customers. They dont have any problem in serving customers. for the most part the time is wasting at flyering and calculating and at exchange pull down because the calculating and flush is manually, so at cash point he must check the items and expense and total again by manually due to conveying the correct footings are gettable for customer or not. Here hurt can digress by mistakes.More exposit of Example CompanyNo entropy base is used to hold open the stock.There are different types of products and number of companies.The ships company salesmen (i.e., PG, Nestle, Cadbury, etc) come to the memory board and check the meter with help of staff member and place an companionship for stock to them by guessing the quantity. depa rture and damage stock ordain be replaced by company, if the staff can find it and hand over to company.Some products (i.e., summer products, rainy products, winter products) maintain heavy stock by their seasons and demanding products.Payments on the whole the defrayments done by cash and cheques on company name.If shop had a credit to item company the M.D doesnt receive veritable receipt.The shop continueer get the original bill after he clear the payment, up to they had a duplicate.Customer Placing OrderCustomer remonstrate with identify formCustomer can stray by strait. savingPickup the order forms from customers and serve the items to customer, after calculating manually and paymentTaking the order from phone and pack togethitherd in a handled care boxes and delivery by using get off facility.Payment MethodsThese shops accept by cash, cheques and D.D yet. sellThe favorables are sale provided who have a drug license No(i.e., only for Retail pharmaceutics) each prod uct had a legal injury on them i.e., called maximum retail outlay (M.R.P.).Presend Mode of operationThey are selling all the products by whole sale price, now the present system is totally manually i.e. billing on a paper and calculating with calculators, stock maintenance is just by guessing. scathe checking is maintain in a entertain and items are 6000-8000 different types of items they maintaining. day-by-day sustenanceIn the company they are maintaining ten employees, 1 M.D, 1 assist manager. In these shops the customers are ascertain in 4-500 hundreds per day. The salesmans sales the goods only for whom having a drug license, so, here the customer should have a drug license number to demoralize any product in the shop.Selling DailyA customer comes with an order form containing of items, sizes and quantity.The present system is manual and has the following drawbacks. Is a semi-automated at where the cultitubion is stored in the form of excel sheets in disk drives.The i nformation retention and maintenance is more(prenominal) critical in this system.Tracking the salesman activities, customer activities and progress of the work is a complex operation.Existing system cannot provide the facility of accepting cheques. rattling less security because of file systems. truly less customer satisfaction as quality of service is less.Time consuming process because of manual business relationship generation.Management of stocks whitethorn not be accurate.Prediction of drugs demand, establish on seasons is complex.Placing of orders through and through phone and hearth delivery is not mathematical.This system cannot provide the information sharing by 247 days.Literature ReviewIndia Pharmaceutical patienceRichard Gerstersaid The Indian pharmaceutical exertion is a success story providing employment for millions and ensuring that essential drugs at yieldable prices are ready(prenominal) to the vast population of this sub-continent.India is a clownish in which it is proven that return of pharmaceutical science, manufacturing and wholesaling is more. Across the country there are nigh 20,000 manufacturing units. The drug control authority in India gives licenses to drug manufacturers. India has quality producers who masterly with knowledge base giants in the same sedulousness. It is made possible as India has advantages in legal injury of good and ball-hawking man power, thin and cost-effective chemical synthesis, and good financial and legal framework which give ensure unfluctuatinger growth in the diligence, very good intensity level in information engineering usage, globalisation, and good opportunities for unknown investors in this sector.As can be seen in the above table striking persona of revenue is reachd by pharmaceutical industriousness in India. The table in addition shows the companies that stand top 10 aspects. The early growth of India pharmaceutical sector is shown in the following diagram.Indian pha rmaceutical manufacture has been witnessing a phenomenal growth in new-made years. With low-cost manufacturing, most of subaltern firms they dont have their own turnout facilities but they operate using the spare qualification of another company drug manufactures. High quality look for, personal statement and the facilities of manufacturing the Indian pharmaceuticals industry presents a competitive thread. The Indian pharmaceutical industry has got first in the Indian science found technologies with their wide take off of capabilities in the complex of drugs manufacturing and technology. It is a highly organized sector worth to be a $4.5 billions and profit the profitability with 8 to 9 percentage annually. Indian pharmaceutical industry placed before than all in experimental conditions of quality, technology, and the range of medicine manufactured. It is manufacturing every type of medicine for a small things to sophisticated antibiotics.In the instruction of medicine s Indian Pharmaceutical fabrication playing a line lineament and it f haves the quality procedures by restrictive authorities in U.S.A and U.K. some(prenominal) outside(prenominal) companies are associated with this sector and these companies are assisted and stimulated for past(a) more than 50 years and helps to India keep on the pharmaceuticals humans.It is extremely illogical with more than 20000 registered units and growing drastically in the last two decades. notwithstanding the leading 250 companies are getting 70 percentage of market place with market leader holding 7% of the market share. With demanding of tablets, capsules, orals, deal drugs, drug intermediates and pharmaceutical formulations, Indian pharmaceutical sector meets over 70% of the countries demands. In India there is 5 central public units, 250 large units and nearly 8000 small scale sector units.The Indian pharmaceutical industry has low costs of production, low RD costs, innovation of scientific manpower, strength of laboratories and increasing balance of trade. The pharmaceutical company is departure on the worldwide market with its rich scientific genius and research capabilities.The municipal pharma industryThe domestic pharma industry has newly achieved some historic milestones through a leadership federal agency and global assessment. Many Indian companies keep amazing standards and stability, environmental production and tally of bulk drugs to some insert companies. More of Indian companies are now seeking regulatory approvals in the States in narrow segments.Increasing number of Indian pharmaceutical companies have been getting international regulatory approvals for their plants. Indian companies are now seeking more shortened new drug approvals in USA in specialized segments.development of Indian marketIn the year of 2009 Indian pharmacy was assessed $7,743m which increments of 4% than 2007u.Business observers contumacious that India has made good perc entage than other international companies. It is in like manner appearing as a best-loved location for pharmaceutical companies.India is the world fourth largest producer of pharmaceuticals in slew. And it increases the productivity indirectly. Indian pharmaceutical industry reached us$10.88 billion and it is likely to becomes range of a function in volume that is us$20.95 billion in 2014.globalization of Indian pharmaceutical industryIn the early of 1990s the Indian political sympathies has opened its market to inappropriate investments and started the globalization. Indian pharmacy sector globalization took place with the other countries entered into this sector. Globalization has change magnitude the world in recent years due to speedy progress especially in communications and transport.The various advantages of globalization is it brought long amount of foreign currency into industry and turn to boost up India. With many foreign companies entering in Indian pharmacy sect or, it increase the jobs availability in India.The benefits of Indian pharmaceutical globalization is, many of the foreign international companies entering into India and brought with a highly equipment technology and it improves the medicines quality and that were available to the people. Many Indian pharmaceutical companies took over international companies to grow up and for more profits.There are some detriments to a fault appearing in globalization of Indian pharmacy that there may be increase the competition amid foreign pharmaceutical companies and domestic companies. This testament result that the profits may decrease and companies may shut-down. And one more disadvantage is many of the foreign pharmacy companies are taking over the domestic companies which happened already. This may led to fear that foreign companies will take over the Indian pharmacy companies. And many of employees helpless their jobs by the company integratings. service in IndiaIndia posses a skill ful work force with high technical and as well as managerial competence.The track record of development and cost-schedule synthesis for various drug molecules are excellent.Legal framework is also good in India, financial market is also good.It has a good network of world most educational institutes.The country is committed to a free market economy and globalization.after many years international pharmaceutical industry has discovered many opportunities in India.Future of pharmaceutical sectorThe future of pharmaceutical sector in India is extremely good and positive. Several Indian companies are acquiring US Europe companies and several(prenominal) more are raising gold to do so. India has began recognizing global patents. In future Indian pharmacy going to be an unbeatable position in Pharmacy. It is one of the fastest growing sector in India. grocery store for pharmaceuticals in India has strong potential for increased growth.Generic drugs produced in India cosmos accepted wor ldwide. Global pharmaceutical companies dealing a long term relationships with India.View of pharmaceutical sectorAs in the present scenario only few people can afford costly medicines which has improved price sensitivity in the market. That is the reason most of the companies introducing the high quality medicines with low price drugs for cock-a-hoop the competition to other industries. With product patent act which takes place in January 2005, the Indian pharmaceutical industry is attracted the MNCs to India.At present most of the Indian companies are smell forward to tie up with foreign industries for in- accredited drugs. Contract research and pharmaceutical outsourcing are the new events in Indian pharmacy market. Indian multinational companies have created awareness about Indian market in world pharmacy industries.Legislative cloth Pertaining To Manufacture and Sale of Drugs in IndiaIn the early 1990s, the drug industry in India was negligible and used to import drugs fro m other countries. Later the Indian administration understood the situation and decided to introduce laws related to drug manufacturing and diffusion. Gradually it ensured that industry is growing fast and introduced many other laws that govern the industry. At present in India the following acts and rules are present to control the manufacture, import, export and clinical research of medicines and cosmetics in India.The drugs and cosmetics act, 1940The pharmacy act, 1948The drugs and magic remedies act, 1954The somnific drugs and psychotropic substances act, 1985The medical and toilet preparations act, 1956The drugs order, 1995 pedantic Literature in on Requirements Analysis for Small Business Systems Pertaining to PharmacyInformation Technology is best used in pharmacy to increase effectiveness in the business systems. It could be used at various levels including whole sale market of the pharmacy industry. It promotes new ways of working and making business. It ensures quality of services thereby increasing overall productivity of business systems. There are some areas that have great impact on this industry by using Information Technology. They areelectronic transfer of prescriptionsHospital e-prescribingInformation governanceThe electronic prescriptions between prescribers and pharmacists improve the efficiency and quality of service. It allows various fragments of pharmacy related systems get affiliated seamlessly.The infirmary e-prescribing programmed is used to funding chain of activities like prescription, administration and offer of medicines.Information sharing is also possible among health related systems in the world.Known Issues that Affect Pharmaceutical BusinessThere is an improving imperativeness on Pharmaceutical and bio-technology companies to use information technology in order to achieve their business goals.Areas in Health Care industry such as drug development, molecular research, formulary acceptance, detailing, contract sales, w hole coast has been affected by the rapid growth of IT industryThe competition in the industry is comparing to be the best or second in the fray.Every area of pharmacy industry is affected by the go of science and technology and organizations are compelled to take the help of IT at least to remain in the industryThere are some issues related to laws of Indian government. The industry must stick to the acts/rules imposed by government. such(prenominal) rules may be changing from time to time.Answer to many of these issues is in the ability of companies pertaining to pharmaceutical utilizing the large power of Information Technology to leverage its profitability.The information related challenges can be overcome by using Information Technology in bio technology and pharmacy.More about Pharmaceutical Industry in IndiaThe government of India has been very supportive for drug Industry in the country. The government has been giving many benefits to the pharmaceutical companies in Indi a. They are given land for establishing company and also tax benefits related to business. The Indian government not only encouraging the companies in India, it also helped many foreign investors muster their bills and invest in India in the industry of pharmaceuticals. In the process of advancement this industry has faced many challenges too. The problems like lack of funding for beginners, fuss in getting funds from government. The biochemical industry is uncertain.Another valuable problem faced by Indian pharmaceutical companies in the early stages for long time was that lack of skilled pitying resources. Of course this is there in all industries to some extent. Indian companies overcame such problems and now having a very good share in the world pharmaceutical business. operable Requirements of Proposed System forPadma AgenciesMaintenance of customer detail. rail line maintenance.Billing.Order details.Keeping track of drug licenses.Predicting the future demands of the reta ilers based on the seasons. club of goods through phone and home delivery is possible.Online tell of goods.Customized report generation.The functional requirements are separate into the following modulesStock Maintenance guildBillingStock Maintenance ModuleThis module is answerable for fatten out stock maintenance. It takes care of complete inventory of medicines and related products. It can generate reports as per the stock status. As things are sold the changes in the fleshly store is reflected in this inventory.Ordering ModuleIn this module all the work related to ordering of goods is done. Placing orders by predicting the behavior of the retailers and the customers. It takes care of orders sent by its retail customers. It is also responsible to generate reports related to orders real from its customers and order made to pharmacy manufacturers.Billing ModuleWhen the system is started, it should demonstrate user before providing its functionalitiesThe sidetrack bill should appear as containing the shop name, address, phone number and drug license no.It contains which system i.e. (system 1, system 2,etc), billing staff id, name, bill no(transaction number), time, attend, receipt type (original, duplicate, refund, deflower item, void transaction, etc), quantity, product name price per single and total price quantity, and the end grand total for all products , if vat is applicable then vat summary.Salesman is the person who involves in bill preparation, report generation for the current stocks maintained and tracking the drug licenses of the retailers. It is responsible for billing activities for the pass customers. It does mean that the retail businesses that contain a sound drug license are allowed to buy pharmacy products from this store.System Requirements primitive understanding of the system in equipment casualty of technologies required warrants that the following are the software and hardware requirements to build this system. software syst em REQUIREMENTSOperating System Windows XP/2000/2003/ eyeshotTechnology Core Java, JDBC, Swings (JDK 1.5/1.6)Database Server prophet 9i/10GHARDWARE REQUIREMENTSProcessor Pentium based systems with a minimum of P4RAM 256MB (minimum) explore MethodologyCase 1Standard commemorateing rules when dispensing medicines.Interfacing with a standard invoice package.Providing links to manufacturers weather vane pages about specific products.Drug wholesalers networksites to get some ideas?Standard Labeling Rules When Dispensing MedicinesA system for automated dispensing of a packaged pharmaceutical comprising good medicine nocking standards is zippy to ensure the safe use of medicines. The plan of this study is to evaluate and equalise compliance towards labeling standard for dole out medications between community pharmacists and general practitioners. The medicines for human use Regulations 1994 specify the requirements for the labeling of relevant medical products which are suppli ed to patients. Dispensed medicines would unremarkably require being added number of details at the time of supplement. hardly much of the information about medicines will be available on the label of hospital manufacturing unit.The regulations has amended to allow for a reduced dispensing label requirement to cover the patient name, date of dispensing , dose or volume , direction to use and cautionary move to follow. The medical product has to be prepared or dispensed in accordance with the prescription by the given practitioner. The assembled product is for retail supply or circumstances alike to retail supply. The assembled product must be sold from that pharmacy or at any other registered pharmacy forming part of the same retail pharmacy business. The assembled product cannot be advertised.The over label must not obscure the printed text of a licensed pack in any way.The label has to apply to the blank area designated on the original pack for the dispensing label.In bailiw icks where an original pack does not have provision for a dispensing label, the over label should be intemperately attached to the pack in a manner that is easily light and does not obscure the licensed text nor interfere with the safe and effective use of the medicine.Original packs over labeled in accordance with these principles may be supplied direct to hospital pharmacies, health centers etc without the necessity for formal variableness of the marketing Authorization by the Marketing Authorization holder.Breaking bulk (manufacturers original pack) will require a variation to the respective Marketing Authorization.It would be normally good practice to add the date of the supply it can be form as a following diagram.The dispensed container should me labeled with the following informationPractice name, address and 24 hour telephone number(s).hould specify the think users.Client name, patient name and client address also.Purpose of the drug prescription, Drug name and Strength .Number if tables or volume in case of liquid.Date dispensed.Direction for use like dose, frequency and method taking the drug.Relevant information and warnings, and the process of preventing the insecurity if the drug has taken accidentally.Labeling of investigational medicinesThis split is about the standard labeling for the investigational products which are used in clinical trials. The dock has to be conducted at heart the Member states conducted by study. The planning of trail doesnt require any particular manufacturing.The normal dispensing label would be of the form as shown belowIn addition to this quantity of dose (number of tables/capsules) is also to be added.It can also include reference of sponsor, means name research organization /investigator.Trail reference work out specifying the identification of the trail site.It would contain the information on the product, dosage, storage conditions, and mint candy number etc.Interfacing With a Standard Accounting PackageT he pharmaceutical wholesaler Padma Agencies can have its account part compound with some standard accounting packages already available in the market rather of reinventing the wheel again. At present its mode of payment is as shown below.Payments every the payments done by cash and cheques on company name.If shop had a credit to particular company the M.D doesnt receive original receipt.The shop shop steward get the original bill after he clear the payment, up to they had a duplicate.Instead of making all the modules in the pharmaceutical coating, the performances programme can be integrated with a standard account package. All the functionalities provided by accounting packages can be reused if we can seamlessly integrate our application with that. This is possible provided standard interfaces given by the accounting packages vendors that support integration with the applications developed in other languages.This integrates accounting, accounts receivable, and inventory manage ment systems, which allows the distributor plate to operate with minimal staffing. for each one step of the process is self-contained and standard allowing rapid and flexible geographic expansion.Web Links to Drug ManufacturesFrom the application we can provide the web links to different manufacturing companies across the world. So if some specific product is not available from local market that should be purchased from the manufacturing company. For that if required product has selected and makes a request than the manufacturing company web site will be explored.Pharmaceutical involves manufacturing of drugs and equipments in healthcare. Development of drugs is a costly process in pharmaceutical. And the drug producing companies should have commercial license for research and development fit to the rules and regulations of the drug license standard body. And distribution and marketing is also a vital role. The pharmaceutical market of India has achieved a tremendous growth in t echnology and infrastructure.The sites can introduce you about the pharmaceutical industry. And site will provide the information about the in vogue(p) innovations and developments and future scopes of the pharmaceutical industry. And the different aspects of the pharmaceutical industry have been explored. nevertheless it provides history information about pharmaceutical industry along with its future scope.In addition to manufacturer information it is also provide that the product information, complete description of the product, its usage, storage conditions, ingredients ration, and whom should use under which circumstances.The pharmaceutical wholesalers are having a vital role in supply of medications. For ethical pharmaceuticals wholesaler provides a link between pharmaceutical manufactures and retail outlet pharmacies, dispensing doctors and hospitals and promoting the new innovative medications.The responsibilities of the Pharmaceutical wholesalerPharmaceutical wholesalers p rovide distribution and stock holding functions.And for customers the products should be provided accord to their day-to-day requirements. So that avoiding customers having large stock.Retails pharmacists and dispensing doctors have to keep normal working medicine stock.The wholesalers have to efficiently supply on a daily basis or even within a shorter period after receiving the orders from their customers.Full line wholesalers can stock and sell a sound range of pharmaceuticals.But Short line wholesalers should sell only fast moving products they should not contain all the products stock.They can import these products from manufacturers or foreign wholesalers.Analysis of IT Requirements for Pharmaceutical BusinessAnalysis of IT Requirements for Pharmaceutical BusinessProject TitleAnalyzing the IT requirement and developing software for a small pharmaceutical wholesaler working in India.AbstractThe aim of this project is to enhance the effectiveness of pharmaceutical whole sale business in India. It is to investigate various ways of developing software for businesses in the pharmaceutical sector. This project will investigate domain-specific requirements for billing, stock maintenance, customer services keep track of drug licenses and retail pharmaceuticals in India. And develop a software system to automate wholesale pharmaceutical company in order bring effectiveness and productivity, profitability into business.IntroductionPharmacy is a domain, which has already shown lot of growth in India. As of now when we consider, it is still fast growing field when compared with other fields. Bengal Chemicals and Pharmaceutical Works is the first Indian pharmaceutical company. This company exists even now and operating in government sector. It was established in 1930. Since then most of the time India imported drugs from other countries. It happened for around 60 years. Later on in India, the government started helping pharmacy industries to see what they are toda y. At present there are many laws that govern pharmaceutical companies and drugs in India. There are some patent related rights. As of now Indian pharmaceutical industry is doing well and recognized by the world. It is having good share in the world market. In India around 20000 drug manufacturers exist. As peripheral outfits, medical wholesalers, retailers, dealers started growing.In this backdrop, the aim of this project is to enhance the effectiveness of pharmaceutical whole sale business in India. It is to investigate various ways of developing software for businesses in the pharmaceutical sector. Information Technology is best used in pharmacy to increase effectiveness in the business systems. It could be used at various levels including whole sale market of the pharmacy industry. It promotes new ways of working and making business. It ensures quality of services thereby increasing overall productivity of business systems. There are some areas that have great impact on this ind ustry by using Information Technology.When it comes the theme of this project that is increasing the effectiveness of drugs wholesalers by adopting Information Technology as the main instrument to provide quality of service to its customers and get maximum profits out of it. The main purpose of using such software is to improve the performance, transparency, consistency in the system. It is difficult to do many things manual. The manual system has the following drawbacks.Time consumptionError flatLess profitabilityLess customer satisfactionProvided the above drawbacks of manual system, if the same is automated we can reap the following benefits. The benefits of using such Information Systems can strengthen the pharmaceutical industry in India. Wholesalers in this field are important part of such businesses. It is not like taking care of one business. It is like taking care of complete chain of businesses. We should have good supply chain mechanism that works with co-ordination by a ll business partners.The wholesalers provide both stocking and distribution functionalities. They enable customers to get products easily whenever required. There must be trade association between manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers in order to provide in time and quality service to its consumers. The pharmaceutical wholesalers can also sale other related to products not only medicines. Other products related to medicine they can have some business. They can also provide technical information to people. They are equipped with the knowledge of various drugs and how to handle them and use them.One fine thing about pharmaceutical industry is that they are controlled by the government. This paves way to good and healthy nature among the companies that are into this market.Small and medium software systems can help wholesalers and business holders provide good service to their respective customers. Customer satisfaction is the key for any business to grow. For this we have got new subj ects like Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and eCRM. The wholesalers could be a part of SCM (Supply Chain Management). In this case they can use the common software for entire chain. Or else they can have different software with heterogeneous nature and still work under common interfaces. They can work together to achieve the business goals of business partners.Once again I reiterate that Information Technology is best used in pharmacy to increase effectiveness in the business systems. It could be used at various levels including whole sale market of the pharmacy industry. It promotes new ways of working and making business. It ensures quality of services thereby increasing overall productivity of business systems. There are some areas that have great impact on this industry by using Information Technology.Client BackgroundPadma Agenciesis the pharmaceutical business wholesaler. Its business is located in Koti, Hyderabad, India. The shop area is 12*20 sqft space. Total staff i s 10 members, in these 2 members fill the stock, 2 members writing bills, 1 member collecting cash, 5 members to save and packing all to customers. They dont have any problem in serving customers. Mostly the time is wasting at billing and calculating and at cash point because the calculating and billing is manually, so at cash point he must check the items and price and total again by manually due to containing the correct prices are available for customer or not. Here price can vary by mistakes.More Details of Example CompanyNo data base is used to maintain the stock.There are different types of products and number of companies.The company salesmen (i.e., PG, Nestle, Cadbury, etc) come to the shop and check the quantity with help of staff member and place an order for stock to them by guessing the quantity.Expiry and damage stock will be replaced by company, if the staff can find it and hand over to company.Some products (i.e., summer products, rainy products, winter products) main tain heavy stock by their seasons and demanding products.PaymentsAll the payments done by cash and cheques on company name.If shop had a credit to particular company the M.D doesnt receive original receipt.The shop keeper get the original bill after he clear the payment, up to they had a duplicate.Customer Placing OrderCustomer visit with order formCustomer can order by phone.DeliveryPickup the order forms from customers and serve the items to customer, after calculating manually and paymentTaking the order from phone and packed in a handled care boxes and delivery by using transport facility.Payment MethodsThese shops accept by cash, cheques and D.D only.SellingThe goods are sale only who have a drug license No(i.e., only for Retail Pharmaceuticals)Every product had a price on them i.e., called maximum retail price (M.R.P.).Present Mode of OperationThey are selling all the products by whole sale price, now the present system is totally manually i.e. billing on a paper and calculat ing with calculators, stock maintenance is just by guessing. Price checking is maintain in a book and items are 6000-8000 different types of items they maintaining.Daily MaintenanceIn the company they are maintaining ten employees, 1 M.D, 1 assist manager. In these shops the customers are visit in 4-500 hundreds per day. The salesmans sales the goods only for whom having a drug license, so, here the customer should have a drug license number to buy any product in the shop.Selling DailyA customer comes with an order form containing of items, sizes and quantity.The present system is manual and has the following drawbacks. Is a semi-automated at where the information is stored in the form of excel sheets in disk drives.The information storage and maintenance is more critical in this system.Tracking the salesman activities, customer activities and progress of the work is a complex operation.Existing system cannot provide the facility of accepting cheques.Very less security because of f ile systems.Very less customer satisfaction as quality of service is less.Time consuming process because of manual report generation.Management of stocks may not be accurate.Prediction of drugs demand, based on seasons is complex.Placing of orders through phone and home delivery is not possible.This system cannot provide the information sharing by 247 days.Literature ReviewIndia Pharmaceutical IndustryRichard Gerstersaid The Indian pharmaceutical industry is a success story providing employment for millions and ensuring that essential drugs at affordable prices are available to the vast population of this sub-continent.India is a country in which it is proven that growth of pharmaceutical science, manufacturing and wholesaling is more. Across the country there are about 20,000 manufacturing units. The drug control authority in India gives licenses to drug manufacturers. India has quality producers who complete with world giants in the same industry. It is made possible as India has advantages in terms of good and skilled man power, excellent and cost-effective chemical synthesis, and good financial and legal framework which will ensure faster growth in the industry, very good strength in information technology usage, globalization, and good opportunities for foreign investors in this sector.As can be seen in the above table large share of revenue is generated by pharmaceutical industry in India. The table also shows the companies that stand top 10 positions. The future growth of India pharmaceutical sector is shown in the following diagram.Indian pharmaceutical industry has been witnessing a phenomenal growth in recent years. With low-cost manufacturing, most of small firms they dont have their own production facilities but they operate using the spare capacity of another company drug manufactures. High quality research, personal education and the facilities of manufacturing the Indian pharmaceuticals industry presents a competitive thread. The Indian pharmace utical industry has got first in the Indian science based technologies with their wide range of capabilities in the complex of drugs manufacturing and technology. It is a highly organized sector worth to be a $4.5 billions and increasing the profitability with 8 to 9 percentage annually. Indian pharmaceutical industry placed before than all in terms of quality, technology, and the range of medicine manufactured. It is manufacturing every type of medicine for a small things to sophisticated antibiotics.In the development of medicines Indian Pharmaceutical Industry playing a key role and it fallows the quality procedures by regulatory authorities in U.S.A and U.K. Many international companies are associated with this sector and these companies are assisted and stimulated for past more than 50 years and helps to India keep on the pharmaceuticals world.It is extremely fragmented with more than 20000 registered units and growing drastically in the last two decades. Only the leading 250 c ompanies are getting 70 percentage of market with market leader holding 7% of the market share. With demanding of tablets, capsules, orals, bulk drugs, drug intermediates and pharmaceutical formulations, Indian pharmaceutical sector meets over 70% of the countries demands. In India there is 5 central public units, 250 large units and nearly 8000 small scale sector units.The Indian pharmaceutical industry has low costs of production, low RD costs, innovation of scientific manpower, strength of laboratories and increasing balance of trade. The pharmaceutical company is going on the international market with its rich scientific talent and research capabilities.The domestic pharma industryThe domestic pharma industry has recently achieved some historic milestones through a leadership position and global assessment. Many Indian companies maintained amazing standards and stability, environmental production and supply of bulk drugs to some innovate companies. More of Indian companies are n ow seeking regulatory approvals in USA in specialized segments.Increasing number of Indian pharmaceutical companies have been getting international regulatory approvals for their plants. Indian companies are now seeking more abbreviated new drug approvals in USA in specialized segments.Growth of Indian marketIn the year of 2009 Indian pharmacy was assessed $7,743m which increments of 4% than 2007u.Business observers decided that India has made good percentage than other international companies. It is also appearing as a preferred location for pharmaceutical companies.India is the world fourth largest producer of pharmaceuticals in volume. And it increases the productivity indirectly. Indian pharmaceutical industry reached us$10.88 billion and it is likely to becomes double in volume that is us$20.95 billion in 2014.Globalization of Indian pharmaceutical industryIn the early of 1990s the Indian government has opened its market to foreign investments and started the globalization. Ind ian pharmacy sector globalization took place with the other countries entered into this sector. Globalization has increased the world in recent years due to rapid progress especially in communications and transport.The various advantages of globalization is it brought huge amount of foreign currency into industry and turn to boost up India. With many foreign companies entering in Indian pharmacy sector, it increase the jobs availability in India.The benefits of Indian pharmaceutical globalization is, many of the foreign international companies entering into India and brought with a highly equipment technology and it improves the medicines quality and that were available to the people. Many Indian pharmaceutical companies took over international companies to grow up and for more profits.There are some disadvantages also appearing in globalization of Indian pharmacy that there may be increase the competition between foreign pharmaceutical companies and domestic companies. This will re sult that the profits may decrease and companies may shut-down. And one more disadvantage is many of the foreign pharmacy companies are taking over the domestic companies which happened already. This may led to fear that foreign companies will take over the Indian pharmacy companies. And many of employees lost their jobs by the company integrations.Advantage in IndiaIndia posses a skillful work force with high technical and as well as managerial competence.The track record of development and cost-schedule synthesis for various drug molecules are excellent.Legal framework is also good in India, financial market is also good.It has a good network of world most educational institutes.The country is committed to a free market economy and globalization.after many years international pharmaceutical industry has discovered many opportunities in India.Future of pharmaceutical sectorThe future of pharmaceutical sector in India is extremely good and positive. Several Indian companies are acqu iring US Europe companies and several more are raising funds to do so. India has began recognizing global patents. In future Indian pharmacy going to be an unbeatable position in Pharmacy. It is one of the fastest growing sector in India. Market for pharmaceuticals in India has strong potential for increased growth.Generic drugs produced in India being accepted worldwide. Global pharmaceutical companies dealing a long term relationships with India.View of pharmaceutical sectorAs in the present scenario only few people can afford costly medicines which has improved price sensitivity in the market. That is the reason most of the companies introducing the high quality medicines with low price drugs for giving the competition to other industries. With product patent act which takes place in January 2005, the Indian pharmaceutical industry is attracted the MNCs to India.At present most of the Indian companies are looking forward to tie up with foreign industries for in-licensed drugs. Co ntract research and pharmaceutical outsourcing are the new events in Indian pharmacy market. Indian multinational companies have created awareness about Indian market in world pharmacy industries.Legislative Framework Pertaining To Manufacture and Sale of Drugs in IndiaIn the early 1990s, the drug industry in India was negligible and used to import drugs from other countries. Later the Indian government understood the situation and decided to introduce laws related to drug manufacturing and distribution. Gradually it ensured that industry is growing faster and introduced many other laws that govern the industry. At present in India the following acts and rules are present to control the manufacture, import, export and clinical research of medicines and cosmetics in India.The drugs and cosmetics act, 1940The pharmacy act, 1948The drugs and magic remedies act, 1954The narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances act, 1985The medical and toilet preparations act, 1956The drugs order, 1995 Academic Literature in on Requirements Analysis for Small Business Systems Pertaining to PharmacyInformation Technology is best used in pharmacy to increase effectiveness in the business systems. It could be used at various levels including whole sale market of the pharmacy industry. It promotes new ways of working and making business. It ensures quality of services thereby increasing overall productivity of business systems. There are some areas that have great impact on this industry by using Information Technology. They areElectronic transfer of prescriptionsHospital e-prescribingInformation governanceThe electronic prescriptions between prescribers and pharmacists improve the efficiency and quality of service. It allows various fragments of pharmacy related systems get connected seamlessly.The hospital e-prescribing programmed is used to support chain of activities like prescription, administration and supply of medicines.Information sharing is also possible among health related systems in the world.Known Issues that Affect Pharmaceutical BusinessThere is an improving pressure on Pharmaceutical and bio-technology companies to use information technology in order to achieve their business goals.Areas in Health Care industry such as drug development, molecular research, formulary acceptance, detailing, contract sales, whole sailing has been affected by the rapid growth of IT industryThe competition in the industry is comparing to be the best or second in the fray.Every area of pharmacy industry is affected by the influence of science and technology and organizations are compelled to take the help of IT at least to remain in the industryThere are some issues related to laws of Indian government. The industry must stick to the acts/rules imposed by government. Such rules may be changing from time to time.Answer to many of these issues is in the ability of companies pertaining to pharmaceutical utilizing the full power of Information Technology to leverage its p rofitability.The information related challenges can be overcome by using Information Technology in bio technology and pharmacy.More about Pharmaceutical Industry in IndiaThe government of India has been very supportive for drug Industry in the country. The government has been giving many benefits to the pharmaceutical companies in India. They are given land for establishing company and also tax benefits related to business. The Indian government not only encouraging the companies in India, it also helped many foreign investors muster their funds and invest in India in the industry of pharmaceuticals. In the process of improvement this industry has faced many challenges too. The problems like lack of funding for beginners, difficulty in getting funds from government. The biochemical industry is uncertain.Another important problem faced by Indian pharmaceutical companies in the early stages for long time was that lack of skilled human resources. Of course this is there in all industri es to some extent. Indian companies overcame such problems and now having a very good share in the world pharmaceutical business.Functional Requirements of Proposed System forPadma AgenciesMaintenance of customer details.Stock maintenance.Billing.Order details.Keeping track of drug licenses.Predicting the future demands of the retailers based on the seasons.Ordering of goods through phone and home delivery is possible.Online ordering of goods.Customized report generation.The functional requirements are classified into the following modulesStock MaintenanceOrderingBillingStock Maintenance ModuleThis module is responsible for complete stock maintenance. It takes care of complete inventory of medicines and related products. It can generate reports as per the stock status. As things are sold the changes in the physical store is reflected in this inventory.Ordering ModuleIn this module all the work related to ordering of goods is done. Placing orders by predicting the behavior of the ret ailers and the customers. It takes care of orders sent by its retail customers. It is also responsible to generate reports related to orders received from its customers and order made to pharmacy manufacturers.Billing ModuleWhen the system is started, it should authenticate user before providing its functionalitiesThe output bill should appear as containing the shop name, address, phone number and drug license no.It contains which system i.e. (system 1, system 2,etc), billing staff id, name, bill no(transaction number), time, date, receipt type (original, duplicate, refund, void item, void transaction, etc), quantity, product name price per single and total price quantity, and the end grand total for all products , if vat is applicable then vat summary.Salesman is the person who involves in bill preparation, report generation for the current stocks maintained and tracking the drug licenses of the retailers. It is responsible for billing activities for the licensed customers. It does mean that the retail businesses that contain a valid drug license are allowed to buy pharmacy products from this store.System RequirementsThorough understanding of the system in terms of technologies required warrants that the following are the software and hardware requirements to build this system.SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTSOperating System Windows XP/2000/2003/VistaTechnology Core Java, JDBC, Swings (JDK 1.5/1.6)Database Server Oracle 9i/10GHARDWARE REQUIREMENTSProcessor Pentium based systems with a minimum of P4RAM 256MB (minimum)Research MethodologyCase 1Standard labeling rules when dispensing medicines.Interfacing with a standard accounting package.Providing links to manufacturers web pages about specific products.Drug wholesalers websites to get some ideas?Standard Labeling Rules When Dispensing MedicinesA system for automated dispensing of a packaged pharmaceutical comprising good medicine labeling standards is vital to ensure the safe use of medicines. The intention of this study is to evaluate and compare compliance towards labeling standard for dispensed medications between community pharmacists and general practitioners. The medicines for human use Regulations 1994 specify the requirements for the labeling of relevant medical products which are supplied to patients. Dispensed medicines would normally require being added number of details at the time of supply. But much of the information about medicines will be available on the label of hospital manufacturing unit.The regulations has amended to allow for a reduced dispensing label requirement to cover the patient name, date of dispensing , dose or volume , direction to use and cautionary steps to follow. The medical product has to be prepared or dispensed in accordance with the prescription by the given practitioner. The assembled product is for retail supply or circumstances corresponding to retail supply. The assembled product must be sold from that pharmacy or at any other registered pharmacy fo rming part of the same retail pharmacy business. The assembled product cannot be advertised.The over label must not obscure the printed text of a licensed pack in any way.The label has to apply to the blank area designated on the original pack for the dispensing label.In cases where an original pack does not have provision for a dispensing label, the over label should be firmly attached to the pack in a manner that is easily readable and does not obscure the licensed text nor interfere with the safe and effective use of the medicine.Original packs over labeled in accordance with these principles may be supplied direct to hospital pharmacies, health centers etc without the necessity for formal variation of the Marketing Authorization by the Marketing Authorization holder.Breaking bulk (manufacturers original pack) will require a variation to the respective Marketing Authorization.It would be normally good practice to add the date of the supply it can be form as a following diagram.Th e dispensed container should me labeled with the following informationPractice name, address and 24 hour telephone number(s).hould specify the intended users.Client name, patient name and client address also.Purpose of the drug prescription, Drug name and Strength.Number if tables or volume in case of liquid.Date dispensed.Direction for use like dose, frequency and method taking the drug.Relevant information and warnings, and the process of preventing the danger if the drug has taken accidentally.Labeling of investigational medicinesThis paragraph is about the standard labeling for the investigational products which are used in clinical trials. The trail has to be conducted within the Member states conducted by study. The planning of trail doesnt require any particular manufacturing.The normal dispensing label would be of the form as shown belowIn addition to this quantity of dose (number of tables/capsules) is also to be added.It can also includeName of sponsor, means name research organization /investigator.Trail reference code specifying the identification of the trail site.It would contain the information on the product, dosage, storage conditions, and batch number etc.Interfacing With a Standard Accounting PackageThe pharmaceutical wholesaler Padma Agencies can have its account part integrated with some standard accounting packages already available in the market instead of reinventing the wheel again. At present its mode of payment is as shown below.PaymentsAll the payments done by cash and cheques on company name.If shop had a credit to particular company the M.D doesnt receive original receipt.The shop keeper get the original bill after he clear the payment, up to they had a duplicate.Instead of making all the modules in the pharmaceutical application, the application can be integrated with a standard account package. All the functionalities provided by accounting packages can be reused if we can seamlessly integrate our application with that. This is possible provided standard interfaces given by the accounting packages vendors that support integration with the applications developed in other languages.This integrates accounting, accounts receivable, and inventory management systems, which allows the distributor headquarters to operate with minimal staffing. Each step of the process is self-contained and modular allowing rapid and flexible geographic expansion.Web Links to Drug ManufacturesFrom the application we can provide the web links to different manufacturing companies across the world. So if some specific product is not available from local market that should be purchased from the manufacturing company. For that if required product has selected and makes a request than the manufacturing company web site will be explored.Pharmaceutical involves manufacturing of drugs and equipments in healthcare. Development of drugs is a costly process in pharmaceutical. And the drug producing companies should have commercial license for research and development according to the rules and regulations of the drug license standard body. And distribution and marketing is also a vital role. The pharmaceutical market of India has achieved a tremendous growth in technology and infrastructure.The sites can introduce you about the pharmaceutical industry. And site will provide the information about the latest innovations and developments and future scopes of the pharmaceutical industry. And the different aspects of the pharmaceutical industry have been explored. Moreover it provides history information about pharmaceutical industry along with its future scope.In addition to manufacturer information it is also provide that the product information, complete description of the product, its usage, storage conditions, ingredients ration, and whom should use under which circumstances.The pharmaceutical wholesalers are having a vital role in supply of medications. For ethical pharmaceuticals wholesaler provides a link between phar maceutical manufactures and retail outlet pharmacies, dispensing doctors and hospitals and promoting the new innovative medications.The responsibilities of the Pharmaceutical wholesalerPharmaceutical wholesalers provide distribution and stock holding functions.And for customers the products should be provided according to their daily requirements. So that avoiding customers having large stock.Retails pharmacists and dispensing doctors have to keep normal working medicine stock.The wholesalers have to efficiently supply on a daily basis or even within a shorter period after receiving the orders from their customers.Full line wholesalers can stock and sell a full range of pharmaceuticals.But Short line wholesalers should sell only fast moving products they should not contain all the products stock.They can import these products from manufacturers or foreign wholesalers.